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Estrogen Receptor-Alpha (ESR1) Governs the Lower Female Reproductive Tract Vulnerability to Candida albicans

Estradiol-based therapies predispose women to vaginal infections. Moreover, it has long been known that neutrophils are absent from the vaginal lumen during the ovulatory phase (high estradiol). However, the mechanisms that regulate neutrophil influx to the vagina remain unknown. We investigated the...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Salinas-Muñoz, Laura, Campos-Fernández, Raúl, Mercader, Enrique, Olivera-Valle, Irene, Fernández-Pacheco, Carlota, Matilla, Lara, García-Bordas, Julio, Brazil, Jennifer C., Parkos, Charles A., Asensio, Fernando, Muñoz-Fernández, Maria A., Hidalgo, Andrés, Sánchez-Mateos, Paloma, Samaniego, Rafael, Relloso, Miguel
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5976782/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29881378
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2018.01033
Descripción
Sumario:Estradiol-based therapies predispose women to vaginal infections. Moreover, it has long been known that neutrophils are absent from the vaginal lumen during the ovulatory phase (high estradiol). However, the mechanisms that regulate neutrophil influx to the vagina remain unknown. We investigated the neutrophil transepithelial migration (TEM) into the vaginal lumen. We revealed that estradiol reduces the CD44 and CD47 epithelial expression in the vaginal ectocervix and fornix, which retain neutrophils at the apical epithelium through the estradiol receptor-alpha. In contrast, luteal progesterone increases epithelial expression of CD44 and CD47 to promote neutrophil migration into the vaginal lumen and Candida albicans destruction. Distinctive to vaginal mucosa, neutrophil infiltration is contingent to sex hormones to prevent sperm from neutrophil attack; although it may compromise immunity during ovulation. Thus, sex hormones orchestrate tolerance and immunity in the vaginal lumen by regulating neutrophil TEM.