The association between women's sanitation experiences and mental health: A cross-sectional study in Rural, Odisha India

Emerging qualitative research suggests women’s sanitation experiences may impact mental health. However, specific associations remain unclear. We aimed to determine if sanitation access and sanitation experiences were associated with mental health among women in rural Odisha, India. Using a cross-se...

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Autores principales: Caruso, Bethany A., Cooper, Hannah L.F., Haardörfer, Regine, Yount, Kathryn M., Routray, Parimita, Torondel, Belen, Clasen, Thomas
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6077264/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30094321
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2018.06.005
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author Caruso, Bethany A.
Cooper, Hannah L.F.
Haardörfer, Regine
Yount, Kathryn M.
Routray, Parimita
Torondel, Belen
Clasen, Thomas
author_facet Caruso, Bethany A.
Cooper, Hannah L.F.
Haardörfer, Regine
Yount, Kathryn M.
Routray, Parimita
Torondel, Belen
Clasen, Thomas
author_sort Caruso, Bethany A.
collection PubMed
description Emerging qualitative research suggests women’s sanitation experiences may impact mental health. However, specific associations remain unclear. We aimed to determine if sanitation access and sanitation experiences were associated with mental health among women in rural Odisha, India. Using a cross-sectional design, we evaluated the association between sanitation access and sanitation experiences and selected mental health outcomes. Data were collected from 1347 randomly selected women across four life course stages in 60 rural communities (December 2014-February 2015). Our four primary outcomes included: mental well-being, and symptoms of anxiety, depression, and distress. The primary exposures were (1) access to a functional latrine within the household compound and (2) sanitation insecurity (SI), evaluated using a seven domain measure assessing women’s negative sanitation experiences and concerns. We used hierarchical linear modeling to determine associations between the exposures and mental health outcomes, adjusting for covariates (life stage, poverty, current health status, social support). Mean well-being scores were moderate and mean anxiety, depression, and distress scores were above a threshold indicating the potential presence of any of the three conditions. Access to a functional household latrine was associated with higher well-being scores, but not with anxiety, depression or distress. Women’s SI domains were associated with all four outcomes: four domains were significantly associated with lower well-being scores, two were significantly associated with higher anxiety scores, three were significantly associated with higher depression scores, and three were significantly associated with higher distress scores, all independent of functional household latrine access. Women in rural Odisha, India may suffer assaults to their well-being and have higher symptoms of anxiety, depression, and distress when urinating and defecating, even if they have an available facility. These findings suggest that sanitation-related interventions should consider how to accommodate women’s experiences beyond excreta management to comprehensively impact health.
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spelling pubmed-60772642018-08-09 The association between women's sanitation experiences and mental health: A cross-sectional study in Rural, Odisha India Caruso, Bethany A. Cooper, Hannah L.F. Haardörfer, Regine Yount, Kathryn M. Routray, Parimita Torondel, Belen Clasen, Thomas SSM Popul Health Article Emerging qualitative research suggests women’s sanitation experiences may impact mental health. However, specific associations remain unclear. We aimed to determine if sanitation access and sanitation experiences were associated with mental health among women in rural Odisha, India. Using a cross-sectional design, we evaluated the association between sanitation access and sanitation experiences and selected mental health outcomes. Data were collected from 1347 randomly selected women across four life course stages in 60 rural communities (December 2014-February 2015). Our four primary outcomes included: mental well-being, and symptoms of anxiety, depression, and distress. The primary exposures were (1) access to a functional latrine within the household compound and (2) sanitation insecurity (SI), evaluated using a seven domain measure assessing women’s negative sanitation experiences and concerns. We used hierarchical linear modeling to determine associations between the exposures and mental health outcomes, adjusting for covariates (life stage, poverty, current health status, social support). Mean well-being scores were moderate and mean anxiety, depression, and distress scores were above a threshold indicating the potential presence of any of the three conditions. Access to a functional household latrine was associated with higher well-being scores, but not with anxiety, depression or distress. Women’s SI domains were associated with all four outcomes: four domains were significantly associated with lower well-being scores, two were significantly associated with higher anxiety scores, three were significantly associated with higher depression scores, and three were significantly associated with higher distress scores, all independent of functional household latrine access. Women in rural Odisha, India may suffer assaults to their well-being and have higher symptoms of anxiety, depression, and distress when urinating and defecating, even if they have an available facility. These findings suggest that sanitation-related interventions should consider how to accommodate women’s experiences beyond excreta management to comprehensively impact health. Elsevier 2018-06-20 /pmc/articles/PMC6077264/ /pubmed/30094321 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2018.06.005 Text en © 2018 The Authors http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Caruso, Bethany A.
Cooper, Hannah L.F.
Haardörfer, Regine
Yount, Kathryn M.
Routray, Parimita
Torondel, Belen
Clasen, Thomas
The association between women's sanitation experiences and mental health: A cross-sectional study in Rural, Odisha India
title The association between women's sanitation experiences and mental health: A cross-sectional study in Rural, Odisha India
title_full The association between women's sanitation experiences and mental health: A cross-sectional study in Rural, Odisha India
title_fullStr The association between women's sanitation experiences and mental health: A cross-sectional study in Rural, Odisha India
title_full_unstemmed The association between women's sanitation experiences and mental health: A cross-sectional study in Rural, Odisha India
title_short The association between women's sanitation experiences and mental health: A cross-sectional study in Rural, Odisha India
title_sort association between women's sanitation experiences and mental health: a cross-sectional study in rural, odisha india
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6077264/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30094321
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2018.06.005
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