Cargando…

Porcine Fetal-Derived Fibroblasts Alter Gene Expression and Mitochondria to Compensate for Hypoxic Stress During Culture

The Warburg effect is characterized by decreased mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and increased glycolytic flux in adequate oxygen. The preimplantation embryo has been described to have characteristics of the Warburg effect, including similar changes in gene expression and mitochondria, which...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Mordhorst, Bethany R., Murphy, Stephanie L., Schauflinger, Martin, Rojas Salazar, Shirley, Ji, Tieming, Behura, Susanta K., Wells, Kevin D., Green, Jonathan A., Prather, Randall S.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6088251/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30089028
http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/cell.2018.0008
_version_ 1783346811681898496
author Mordhorst, Bethany R.
Murphy, Stephanie L.
Schauflinger, Martin
Rojas Salazar, Shirley
Ji, Tieming
Behura, Susanta K.
Wells, Kevin D.
Green, Jonathan A.
Prather, Randall S.
author_facet Mordhorst, Bethany R.
Murphy, Stephanie L.
Schauflinger, Martin
Rojas Salazar, Shirley
Ji, Tieming
Behura, Susanta K.
Wells, Kevin D.
Green, Jonathan A.
Prather, Randall S.
author_sort Mordhorst, Bethany R.
collection PubMed
description The Warburg effect is characterized by decreased mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and increased glycolytic flux in adequate oxygen. The preimplantation embryo has been described to have characteristics of the Warburg effect, including similar changes in gene expression and mitochondria, which are more rudimentary in appearance. We hypothesized hypoxia would facilitate anaerobic glycolysis in fibroblasts thereby promoting gene expression and media metabolite production reflecting the Warburg effect hallmarks in early embryos. Additionally, we speculated that hypoxia would induce a rudimentary small mitochondrial phenotype observed in several cell types evidenced to demonstrate the Warburg effect. While many have examined the role hypoxia plays in pathological conditions, few studies have investigated changes in primary cells which could be used in somatic cell nuclear transfer. We found that cells grown in 1.25% O(2) had normal cell viability and more, but smaller mitochondria. Several hypoxia-inducible genes were identified, including seven genes for glycolytic enzymes. In conditioned media from hypoxic cells, the quantities of gluconolactone, cytosine, and uric acid were decreased indicating higher consumption than control cells. These results indicate that fibroblasts alter gene expression and mitochondria to compensate for hypoxic stress and maintain viability. Furthermore, the metabolic changes observed, making them more similar to preimplantation embryos, could be facilitating nuclear reprogramming making these cells more amendable to future use in somatic cell nuclear transfer.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-6088251
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2018
publisher Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-60882512018-08-13 Porcine Fetal-Derived Fibroblasts Alter Gene Expression and Mitochondria to Compensate for Hypoxic Stress During Culture Mordhorst, Bethany R. Murphy, Stephanie L. Schauflinger, Martin Rojas Salazar, Shirley Ji, Tieming Behura, Susanta K. Wells, Kevin D. Green, Jonathan A. Prather, Randall S. Cell Reprogram Research Articles The Warburg effect is characterized by decreased mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and increased glycolytic flux in adequate oxygen. The preimplantation embryo has been described to have characteristics of the Warburg effect, including similar changes in gene expression and mitochondria, which are more rudimentary in appearance. We hypothesized hypoxia would facilitate anaerobic glycolysis in fibroblasts thereby promoting gene expression and media metabolite production reflecting the Warburg effect hallmarks in early embryos. Additionally, we speculated that hypoxia would induce a rudimentary small mitochondrial phenotype observed in several cell types evidenced to demonstrate the Warburg effect. While many have examined the role hypoxia plays in pathological conditions, few studies have investigated changes in primary cells which could be used in somatic cell nuclear transfer. We found that cells grown in 1.25% O(2) had normal cell viability and more, but smaller mitochondria. Several hypoxia-inducible genes were identified, including seven genes for glycolytic enzymes. In conditioned media from hypoxic cells, the quantities of gluconolactone, cytosine, and uric acid were decreased indicating higher consumption than control cells. These results indicate that fibroblasts alter gene expression and mitochondria to compensate for hypoxic stress and maintain viability. Furthermore, the metabolic changes observed, making them more similar to preimplantation embryos, could be facilitating nuclear reprogramming making these cells more amendable to future use in somatic cell nuclear transfer. Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. 2018-08-01 2018-08-01 /pmc/articles/PMC6088251/ /pubmed/30089028 http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/cell.2018.0008 Text en © Bethany R. Mordhorst, et al., 2018. Published by Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. This Open Access article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Articles
Mordhorst, Bethany R.
Murphy, Stephanie L.
Schauflinger, Martin
Rojas Salazar, Shirley
Ji, Tieming
Behura, Susanta K.
Wells, Kevin D.
Green, Jonathan A.
Prather, Randall S.
Porcine Fetal-Derived Fibroblasts Alter Gene Expression and Mitochondria to Compensate for Hypoxic Stress During Culture
title Porcine Fetal-Derived Fibroblasts Alter Gene Expression and Mitochondria to Compensate for Hypoxic Stress During Culture
title_full Porcine Fetal-Derived Fibroblasts Alter Gene Expression and Mitochondria to Compensate for Hypoxic Stress During Culture
title_fullStr Porcine Fetal-Derived Fibroblasts Alter Gene Expression and Mitochondria to Compensate for Hypoxic Stress During Culture
title_full_unstemmed Porcine Fetal-Derived Fibroblasts Alter Gene Expression and Mitochondria to Compensate for Hypoxic Stress During Culture
title_short Porcine Fetal-Derived Fibroblasts Alter Gene Expression and Mitochondria to Compensate for Hypoxic Stress During Culture
title_sort porcine fetal-derived fibroblasts alter gene expression and mitochondria to compensate for hypoxic stress during culture
topic Research Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6088251/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30089028
http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/cell.2018.0008
work_keys_str_mv AT mordhorstbethanyr porcinefetalderivedfibroblastsaltergeneexpressionandmitochondriatocompensateforhypoxicstressduringculture
AT murphystephaniel porcinefetalderivedfibroblastsaltergeneexpressionandmitochondriatocompensateforhypoxicstressduringculture
AT schauflingermartin porcinefetalderivedfibroblastsaltergeneexpressionandmitochondriatocompensateforhypoxicstressduringculture
AT rojassalazarshirley porcinefetalderivedfibroblastsaltergeneexpressionandmitochondriatocompensateforhypoxicstressduringculture
AT jitieming porcinefetalderivedfibroblastsaltergeneexpressionandmitochondriatocompensateforhypoxicstressduringculture
AT behurasusantak porcinefetalderivedfibroblastsaltergeneexpressionandmitochondriatocompensateforhypoxicstressduringculture
AT wellskevind porcinefetalderivedfibroblastsaltergeneexpressionandmitochondriatocompensateforhypoxicstressduringculture
AT greenjonathana porcinefetalderivedfibroblastsaltergeneexpressionandmitochondriatocompensateforhypoxicstressduringculture
AT pratherrandalls porcinefetalderivedfibroblastsaltergeneexpressionandmitochondriatocompensateforhypoxicstressduringculture