Exposure to a firefighting overhaul environment without respiratory protection increases immune dysregulation and lung disease risk

Firefighting activities appear to increase the risk of acute and chronic lung disease, including malignancy. While self-contained breathing apparatuses (SCBA) mitigate exposures to inhalable asphyxiates and carcinogens, firefighters frequently remove SCBA during overhaul when the firegrounds appear...

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Autores principales: Gainey, Stephen J., Horn, Gavin P., Towers, Albert E., Oelschlager, Maci L., Tir, Vincent L., Drnevich, Jenny, Fent, Kenneth W., Kerber, Stephen, Smith, Denise L., Freund, Gregory G.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6103500/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30130361
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0201830
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author Gainey, Stephen J.
Horn, Gavin P.
Towers, Albert E.
Oelschlager, Maci L.
Tir, Vincent L.
Drnevich, Jenny
Fent, Kenneth W.
Kerber, Stephen
Smith, Denise L.
Freund, Gregory G.
author_facet Gainey, Stephen J.
Horn, Gavin P.
Towers, Albert E.
Oelschlager, Maci L.
Tir, Vincent L.
Drnevich, Jenny
Fent, Kenneth W.
Kerber, Stephen
Smith, Denise L.
Freund, Gregory G.
author_sort Gainey, Stephen J.
collection PubMed
description Firefighting activities appear to increase the risk of acute and chronic lung disease, including malignancy. While self-contained breathing apparatuses (SCBA) mitigate exposures to inhalable asphyxiates and carcinogens, firefighters frequently remove SCBA during overhaul when the firegrounds appear clear of visible smoke. Using a mouse model of overhaul without airway protection, the impact of fireground environment exposure on lung gene expression was assessed to identify transcripts potentially critical to firefighter-related chronic pulmonary illnesses. Lung tissue was collected 2 hrs post-overhaul and evaluated via whole genome transcriptomics by RNA-seq. Although gas metering showed that the fireground overhaul levels of carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO(2)), hydrogen cyanine (HCN), hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) and oxygen (O(2)) were within NIOSH ceiling recommendations, 3852 lung genes were differentially expressed when mice exposed to overhaul were compared to mice on the fireground but outside the overhaul environment. Importantly, overhaul exposure was associated with an up/down-regulation of 86 genes with a fold change of 1.5 or greater (p<0.5) including the immunomodulatory-linked genes S100a8 and Tnfsf9 (downregulation) and the cancer-linked genes, Capn11 and Rorc (upregulation). Taken together these findings indicate that, without respiratory protection, exposure to the fireground overhaul environment is associated with transcriptional changes impacting proteins potentially related to inflammation-associated lung disease and cancer.
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spelling pubmed-61035002018-09-15 Exposure to a firefighting overhaul environment without respiratory protection increases immune dysregulation and lung disease risk Gainey, Stephen J. Horn, Gavin P. Towers, Albert E. Oelschlager, Maci L. Tir, Vincent L. Drnevich, Jenny Fent, Kenneth W. Kerber, Stephen Smith, Denise L. Freund, Gregory G. PLoS One Research Article Firefighting activities appear to increase the risk of acute and chronic lung disease, including malignancy. While self-contained breathing apparatuses (SCBA) mitigate exposures to inhalable asphyxiates and carcinogens, firefighters frequently remove SCBA during overhaul when the firegrounds appear clear of visible smoke. Using a mouse model of overhaul without airway protection, the impact of fireground environment exposure on lung gene expression was assessed to identify transcripts potentially critical to firefighter-related chronic pulmonary illnesses. Lung tissue was collected 2 hrs post-overhaul and evaluated via whole genome transcriptomics by RNA-seq. Although gas metering showed that the fireground overhaul levels of carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO(2)), hydrogen cyanine (HCN), hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) and oxygen (O(2)) were within NIOSH ceiling recommendations, 3852 lung genes were differentially expressed when mice exposed to overhaul were compared to mice on the fireground but outside the overhaul environment. Importantly, overhaul exposure was associated with an up/down-regulation of 86 genes with a fold change of 1.5 or greater (p<0.5) including the immunomodulatory-linked genes S100a8 and Tnfsf9 (downregulation) and the cancer-linked genes, Capn11 and Rorc (upregulation). Taken together these findings indicate that, without respiratory protection, exposure to the fireground overhaul environment is associated with transcriptional changes impacting proteins potentially related to inflammation-associated lung disease and cancer. Public Library of Science 2018-08-21 /pmc/articles/PMC6103500/ /pubmed/30130361 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0201830 Text en https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) public domain dedication.
spellingShingle Research Article
Gainey, Stephen J.
Horn, Gavin P.
Towers, Albert E.
Oelschlager, Maci L.
Tir, Vincent L.
Drnevich, Jenny
Fent, Kenneth W.
Kerber, Stephen
Smith, Denise L.
Freund, Gregory G.
Exposure to a firefighting overhaul environment without respiratory protection increases immune dysregulation and lung disease risk
title Exposure to a firefighting overhaul environment without respiratory protection increases immune dysregulation and lung disease risk
title_full Exposure to a firefighting overhaul environment without respiratory protection increases immune dysregulation and lung disease risk
title_fullStr Exposure to a firefighting overhaul environment without respiratory protection increases immune dysregulation and lung disease risk
title_full_unstemmed Exposure to a firefighting overhaul environment without respiratory protection increases immune dysregulation and lung disease risk
title_short Exposure to a firefighting overhaul environment without respiratory protection increases immune dysregulation and lung disease risk
title_sort exposure to a firefighting overhaul environment without respiratory protection increases immune dysregulation and lung disease risk
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6103500/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30130361
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0201830
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