Measurement of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Attitude Angles Based on a Single Captured Image

The limited load capacity and power resources of small-scale fixed-wing drones mean that it is difficult to employ internal high-precision inertial navigation devices to assist with the landing procedure. As an alternative, this paper proposes an attitude measurement system based on a monocular camera. The attitude angles are obtained from a single captured image containing five coded landmark points using the radial constraint method and three-dimensional coordinate transformations. The landing procedure is simulated for pitch angles from −15 [Formula: see text] to −40 [Formula: see text] , roll angles from −15 [Formula: see text] to +15 [Formula: see text] and yaw angles from −15 [Formula: see text] to +15 [Formula: see text]. For roll and pitch angles of approximately 0 [Formula: see text] and −25 [Formula: see text] , respectively, the accuracy of the method reaches 0.01 [Formula: see text] and 0.04 [Formula: see text]. This UAV attitude measurement system obtains an attitude angle by a single captured image, which has great potential for assisting with the landing of small-scale fixed-wing UAVs.