Implementation of Interventions for the Control of Typhoid Fever in Low- and Middle-Income Countries

Past research has focused on typhoid fever surveillance with little attention to implementation methods or effectiveness of control interventions. This study purposefully sampled key informants working in public health in Chile, India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Thailand, Vietnam, South Africa, and Niger...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Barac, Raluca, Als, Daina, Radhakrishnan, Amruta, Gaffey, Michelle F., Bhutta, Zulfiqar A., Barwick, Melanie
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6128369/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30047365
http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.18-0110
_version_ 1783353629455941632
author Barac, Raluca
Als, Daina
Radhakrishnan, Amruta
Gaffey, Michelle F.
Bhutta, Zulfiqar A.
Barwick, Melanie
author_facet Barac, Raluca
Als, Daina
Radhakrishnan, Amruta
Gaffey, Michelle F.
Bhutta, Zulfiqar A.
Barwick, Melanie
author_sort Barac, Raluca
collection PubMed
description Past research has focused on typhoid fever surveillance with little attention to implementation methods or effectiveness of control interventions. This study purposefully sampled key informants working in public health in Chile, India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Thailand, Vietnam, South Africa, and Nigeria to 1) scope typhoid-relevant interventions implemented between 1990 and 2015 and 2) explore contextual factors perceived to be associated with their implementation, based on the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). We used a mixed methods design and collected quantitative data (CFIR questionnaire) and qualitative data (interviews with 34 public health experts). Interview data were analyzed using a deductive qualitative content analysis and summary descriptive statistics are provided for the CFIR data. Despite relatively few typhoid-specific interventions reportedly implemented in these countries, interventions for diarrheal disease control and regulations for food safety and food handlers were common. Most countries implemented agricultural and sewage treatment practices, yet few addressed the control of antibiotic medication. Several contextual factors were perceived to have influenced the implementation of typhoid interventions, either as enablers (e.g., economic development) or barriers (e.g., limited resources and habitual behaviors). Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research factors rated as important in the implementation of typhoid interventions were remarkably consistent across countries. The findings provide a snapshot of typhoid-relevant interventions implemented over 25 years and highlight factors associated with implementation success from the perspective of a sample of key informants. These findings can inform systematic investigations of the implementation of typhoid control interventions and contribute to a better understanding of the direct effects of implementation efforts.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-6128369
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2018
publisher The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-61283692018-09-10 Implementation of Interventions for the Control of Typhoid Fever in Low- and Middle-Income Countries Barac, Raluca Als, Daina Radhakrishnan, Amruta Gaffey, Michelle F. Bhutta, Zulfiqar A. Barwick, Melanie Am J Trop Med Hyg Articles Past research has focused on typhoid fever surveillance with little attention to implementation methods or effectiveness of control interventions. This study purposefully sampled key informants working in public health in Chile, India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Thailand, Vietnam, South Africa, and Nigeria to 1) scope typhoid-relevant interventions implemented between 1990 and 2015 and 2) explore contextual factors perceived to be associated with their implementation, based on the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). We used a mixed methods design and collected quantitative data (CFIR questionnaire) and qualitative data (interviews with 34 public health experts). Interview data were analyzed using a deductive qualitative content analysis and summary descriptive statistics are provided for the CFIR data. Despite relatively few typhoid-specific interventions reportedly implemented in these countries, interventions for diarrheal disease control and regulations for food safety and food handlers were common. Most countries implemented agricultural and sewage treatment practices, yet few addressed the control of antibiotic medication. Several contextual factors were perceived to have influenced the implementation of typhoid interventions, either as enablers (e.g., economic development) or barriers (e.g., limited resources and habitual behaviors). Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research factors rated as important in the implementation of typhoid interventions were remarkably consistent across countries. The findings provide a snapshot of typhoid-relevant interventions implemented over 25 years and highlight factors associated with implementation success from the perspective of a sample of key informants. These findings can inform systematic investigations of the implementation of typhoid control interventions and contribute to a better understanding of the direct effects of implementation efforts. The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 2018-09 2018-07-25 /pmc/articles/PMC6128369/ /pubmed/30047365 http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.18-0110 Text en © The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Articles
Barac, Raluca
Als, Daina
Radhakrishnan, Amruta
Gaffey, Michelle F.
Bhutta, Zulfiqar A.
Barwick, Melanie
Implementation of Interventions for the Control of Typhoid Fever in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
title Implementation of Interventions for the Control of Typhoid Fever in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
title_full Implementation of Interventions for the Control of Typhoid Fever in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
title_fullStr Implementation of Interventions for the Control of Typhoid Fever in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
title_full_unstemmed Implementation of Interventions for the Control of Typhoid Fever in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
title_short Implementation of Interventions for the Control of Typhoid Fever in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
title_sort implementation of interventions for the control of typhoid fever in low- and middle-income countries
topic Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6128369/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30047365
http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.18-0110
work_keys_str_mv AT baracraluca implementationofinterventionsforthecontroloftyphoidfeverinlowandmiddleincomecountries
AT alsdaina implementationofinterventionsforthecontroloftyphoidfeverinlowandmiddleincomecountries
AT radhakrishnanamruta implementationofinterventionsforthecontroloftyphoidfeverinlowandmiddleincomecountries
AT gaffeymichellef implementationofinterventionsforthecontroloftyphoidfeverinlowandmiddleincomecountries
AT bhuttazulfiqara implementationofinterventionsforthecontroloftyphoidfeverinlowandmiddleincomecountries
AT barwickmelanie implementationofinterventionsforthecontroloftyphoidfeverinlowandmiddleincomecountries