Implementation of Interventions for the Control of Typhoid Fever in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Past research has focused on typhoid fever surveillance with little attention to implementation methods or effectiveness of control interventions. This study purposefully sampled key informants working in public health in Chile, India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Thailand, Vietnam, South Africa, and Niger...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
2018
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6128369/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30047365 http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.18-0110 |
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author | Barac, Raluca Als, Daina Radhakrishnan, Amruta Gaffey, Michelle F. Bhutta, Zulfiqar A. Barwick, Melanie |
author_facet | Barac, Raluca Als, Daina Radhakrishnan, Amruta Gaffey, Michelle F. Bhutta, Zulfiqar A. Barwick, Melanie |
author_sort | Barac, Raluca |
collection | PubMed |
description | Past research has focused on typhoid fever surveillance with little attention to implementation methods or effectiveness of control interventions. This study purposefully sampled key informants working in public health in Chile, India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Thailand, Vietnam, South Africa, and Nigeria to 1) scope typhoid-relevant interventions implemented between 1990 and 2015 and 2) explore contextual factors perceived to be associated with their implementation, based on the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). We used a mixed methods design and collected quantitative data (CFIR questionnaire) and qualitative data (interviews with 34 public health experts). Interview data were analyzed using a deductive qualitative content analysis and summary descriptive statistics are provided for the CFIR data. Despite relatively few typhoid-specific interventions reportedly implemented in these countries, interventions for diarrheal disease control and regulations for food safety and food handlers were common. Most countries implemented agricultural and sewage treatment practices, yet few addressed the control of antibiotic medication. Several contextual factors were perceived to have influenced the implementation of typhoid interventions, either as enablers (e.g., economic development) or barriers (e.g., limited resources and habitual behaviors). Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research factors rated as important in the implementation of typhoid interventions were remarkably consistent across countries. The findings provide a snapshot of typhoid-relevant interventions implemented over 25 years and highlight factors associated with implementation success from the perspective of a sample of key informants. These findings can inform systematic investigations of the implementation of typhoid control interventions and contribute to a better understanding of the direct effects of implementation efforts. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6128369 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-61283692018-09-10 Implementation of Interventions for the Control of Typhoid Fever in Low- and Middle-Income Countries Barac, Raluca Als, Daina Radhakrishnan, Amruta Gaffey, Michelle F. Bhutta, Zulfiqar A. Barwick, Melanie Am J Trop Med Hyg Articles Past research has focused on typhoid fever surveillance with little attention to implementation methods or effectiveness of control interventions. This study purposefully sampled key informants working in public health in Chile, India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Thailand, Vietnam, South Africa, and Nigeria to 1) scope typhoid-relevant interventions implemented between 1990 and 2015 and 2) explore contextual factors perceived to be associated with their implementation, based on the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). We used a mixed methods design and collected quantitative data (CFIR questionnaire) and qualitative data (interviews with 34 public health experts). Interview data were analyzed using a deductive qualitative content analysis and summary descriptive statistics are provided for the CFIR data. Despite relatively few typhoid-specific interventions reportedly implemented in these countries, interventions for diarrheal disease control and regulations for food safety and food handlers were common. Most countries implemented agricultural and sewage treatment practices, yet few addressed the control of antibiotic medication. Several contextual factors were perceived to have influenced the implementation of typhoid interventions, either as enablers (e.g., economic development) or barriers (e.g., limited resources and habitual behaviors). Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research factors rated as important in the implementation of typhoid interventions were remarkably consistent across countries. The findings provide a snapshot of typhoid-relevant interventions implemented over 25 years and highlight factors associated with implementation success from the perspective of a sample of key informants. These findings can inform systematic investigations of the implementation of typhoid control interventions and contribute to a better understanding of the direct effects of implementation efforts. The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 2018-09 2018-07-25 /pmc/articles/PMC6128369/ /pubmed/30047365 http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.18-0110 Text en © The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Articles Barac, Raluca Als, Daina Radhakrishnan, Amruta Gaffey, Michelle F. Bhutta, Zulfiqar A. Barwick, Melanie Implementation of Interventions for the Control of Typhoid Fever in Low- and Middle-Income Countries |
title | Implementation of Interventions for the Control of Typhoid Fever in Low- and Middle-Income Countries |
title_full | Implementation of Interventions for the Control of Typhoid Fever in Low- and Middle-Income Countries |
title_fullStr | Implementation of Interventions for the Control of Typhoid Fever in Low- and Middle-Income Countries |
title_full_unstemmed | Implementation of Interventions for the Control of Typhoid Fever in Low- and Middle-Income Countries |
title_short | Implementation of Interventions for the Control of Typhoid Fever in Low- and Middle-Income Countries |
title_sort | implementation of interventions for the control of typhoid fever in low- and middle-income countries |
topic | Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6128369/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30047365 http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.18-0110 |
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