De novo mutations in SCN1A are associated with classic Rett syndrome: a case report

BACKGROUND: Rett syndrome (RTT) is a neurodevelopmental disorder. In more than 95% of females with classic RTT a pathogenic mutation in MECP2 has been identified. This leaves a small fraction of classic cases with other genetic causes. So far, there has not been reported any other gene that may acco...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Henriksen, Mari Wold, Ravn, Kirstine, Paus, Benedicte, von Tetzchner, Stephen, Skjeldal, Ola H
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6180591/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30305042
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12881-018-0700-z
Descripción
Sumario:BACKGROUND: Rett syndrome (RTT) is a neurodevelopmental disorder. In more than 95% of females with classic RTT a pathogenic mutation in MECP2 has been identified. This leaves a small fraction of classic cases with other genetic causes. So far, there has not been reported any other gene that may account for the majority of these cases. CASE PRESENTATION: We describe two females who fulfill the diagnostic criteria for classic RTT, with pathogenic de novo mutations in SCN1A, which usually leads to Dravet syndrome. The developmental history and clinical features of these two females fits well with RTT, but they do have an unusual epileptic profile with early onset of seizures. Investigation of mRNA from one of the females showed a significantly reduced level of MECP2 mRNA. CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, this is the first report suggesting that SCN1A mutations could account for a proportion of the females with classic RTT without MECP2 mutations. As a consequence of these findings SCN1A should be considered in the molecular routine screening in MECP2-negative individuals with RTT and early onset epilepsy.