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Grk1b and Grk7a Both Contribute to the Recovery of the Isolated Cone Photoresponse in Larval Zebrafish
PURPOSE: To define the functional roles of Grk1 and Grk7 in zebrafish cones in vivo. METHODS: Genome editing was used to generate grk7a and grk1b knockout zebrafish. Electroretinogram (ERG) analyses of the isolated cone mass receptor potential and the b-wave were performed in dark-adapted zebrafish...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6203174/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30372740 http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/iovs.18-24455 |
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author | Chrispell, Jared D. Dong, Enheng Osawa, Shoji Liu, Jiandong Cameron, D. Joshua Weiss, Ellen R. |
author_facet | Chrispell, Jared D. Dong, Enheng Osawa, Shoji Liu, Jiandong Cameron, D. Joshua Weiss, Ellen R. |
author_sort | Chrispell, Jared D. |
collection | PubMed |
description | PURPOSE: To define the functional roles of Grk1 and Grk7 in zebrafish cones in vivo. METHODS: Genome editing was used to generate grk7a and grk1b knockout zebrafish. Electroretinogram (ERG) analyses of the isolated cone mass receptor potential and the b-wave were performed in dark-adapted zebrafish using a paired flash paradigm to determine recovery of cone photoreceptors and the inner retina after an initial flash. In addition, psychophysical visual response was measured using the optokinetic response (OKR). RESULTS: ERG analysis demonstrated that deletion of either Grk1b or Grk7a in zebrafish larvae resulted in modestly lower rates of recovery of the isolated cone mass receptor potential from an initial flash compared to wildtype larvae. On the other hand, grk1b(−/−) and grk7a(−/−) larvae exhibited a b-wave recovery that was similar to wildtype larvae. We evaluated the OKR and found that deletion of either Grk1b or Grk7a leads to a small decrease in temporal contrast sensitivity and alterations in visual acuity. CONCLUSIONS: For the first time, we demonstrate that Grk1b and Grk7a both contribute to visual function in larval zebrafish cones. Since the difference between wildtype and each knockout fish is modest, it appears that either GRK is sufficient for adequate cone visual function. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6203174 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-62031742018-10-31 Grk1b and Grk7a Both Contribute to the Recovery of the Isolated Cone Photoresponse in Larval Zebrafish Chrispell, Jared D. Dong, Enheng Osawa, Shoji Liu, Jiandong Cameron, D. Joshua Weiss, Ellen R. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci Retina PURPOSE: To define the functional roles of Grk1 and Grk7 in zebrafish cones in vivo. METHODS: Genome editing was used to generate grk7a and grk1b knockout zebrafish. Electroretinogram (ERG) analyses of the isolated cone mass receptor potential and the b-wave were performed in dark-adapted zebrafish using a paired flash paradigm to determine recovery of cone photoreceptors and the inner retina after an initial flash. In addition, psychophysical visual response was measured using the optokinetic response (OKR). RESULTS: ERG analysis demonstrated that deletion of either Grk1b or Grk7a in zebrafish larvae resulted in modestly lower rates of recovery of the isolated cone mass receptor potential from an initial flash compared to wildtype larvae. On the other hand, grk1b(−/−) and grk7a(−/−) larvae exhibited a b-wave recovery that was similar to wildtype larvae. We evaluated the OKR and found that deletion of either Grk1b or Grk7a leads to a small decrease in temporal contrast sensitivity and alterations in visual acuity. CONCLUSIONS: For the first time, we demonstrate that Grk1b and Grk7a both contribute to visual function in larval zebrafish cones. Since the difference between wildtype and each knockout fish is modest, it appears that either GRK is sufficient for adequate cone visual function. The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology 2018-10 /pmc/articles/PMC6203174/ /pubmed/30372740 http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/iovs.18-24455 Text en Copyright 2018 The Authors http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. |
spellingShingle | Retina Chrispell, Jared D. Dong, Enheng Osawa, Shoji Liu, Jiandong Cameron, D. Joshua Weiss, Ellen R. Grk1b and Grk7a Both Contribute to the Recovery of the Isolated Cone Photoresponse in Larval Zebrafish |
title | Grk1b and Grk7a Both Contribute to the Recovery of the Isolated Cone Photoresponse in Larval Zebrafish |
title_full | Grk1b and Grk7a Both Contribute to the Recovery of the Isolated Cone Photoresponse in Larval Zebrafish |
title_fullStr | Grk1b and Grk7a Both Contribute to the Recovery of the Isolated Cone Photoresponse in Larval Zebrafish |
title_full_unstemmed | Grk1b and Grk7a Both Contribute to the Recovery of the Isolated Cone Photoresponse in Larval Zebrafish |
title_short | Grk1b and Grk7a Both Contribute to the Recovery of the Isolated Cone Photoresponse in Larval Zebrafish |
title_sort | grk1b and grk7a both contribute to the recovery of the isolated cone photoresponse in larval zebrafish |
topic | Retina |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6203174/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30372740 http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/iovs.18-24455 |
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