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Maternal Choline and Betaine Supplementation Modifies the Placental Response to Hyperglycemia in Mice and Human Trophoblasts

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is characterized by excessive placental fat and glucose transport, resulting in fetal overgrowth. Earlier we demonstrated that maternal choline supplementation normalizes fetal growth in GDM mice at mid-gestation. In this study, we further assess how choline and i...

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Autores principales: Nanobashvili, Khatia, Jack-Roberts, Chauntelle, Bretter, Rachel, Jones, Naudia, Axen, Kathleen, Saxena, Anjana, Blain, Kali, Jiang, Xinyin
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6213524/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30326592
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu10101507
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author Nanobashvili, Khatia
Jack-Roberts, Chauntelle
Bretter, Rachel
Jones, Naudia
Axen, Kathleen
Saxena, Anjana
Blain, Kali
Jiang, Xinyin
author_facet Nanobashvili, Khatia
Jack-Roberts, Chauntelle
Bretter, Rachel
Jones, Naudia
Axen, Kathleen
Saxena, Anjana
Blain, Kali
Jiang, Xinyin
author_sort Nanobashvili, Khatia
collection PubMed
description Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is characterized by excessive placental fat and glucose transport, resulting in fetal overgrowth. Earlier we demonstrated that maternal choline supplementation normalizes fetal growth in GDM mice at mid-gestation. In this study, we further assess how choline and its oxidation product betaine influence determinants of placental nutrient transport in GDM mice and human trophoblasts. C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat (HF) diet 4 weeks prior to and during pregnancy to induce GDM or fed a control normal fat (NF) diet. The HF mice also received 25 mM choline, 85 mM betaine, or control drinking water. We observed that GDM mice had an expanded placental junctional zone with an increased area of glycogen cells, while the thickness of the placental labyrinth zone was decreased at E17.5 compared to NF control mice (p < 0.05). Choline and betaine supplementation alleviated these morphological changes in GDM placentas. In parallel, both choline and betaine supplementation significantly reduced glucose accretion (p < 0.05) in in vitro assays where the human choriocarcinoma BeWo cells were cultured in high (35.5 mM) or normal (5.5 mM) glucose conditions. Expression of angiogenic genes was minimally altered by choline or betaine supplementation in either model. In conclusion, both choline and betaine modified some but not all determinants of placental transport in response to hyperglycemia in mouse and in vitro human cell line models.
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spelling pubmed-62135242018-11-06 Maternal Choline and Betaine Supplementation Modifies the Placental Response to Hyperglycemia in Mice and Human Trophoblasts Nanobashvili, Khatia Jack-Roberts, Chauntelle Bretter, Rachel Jones, Naudia Axen, Kathleen Saxena, Anjana Blain, Kali Jiang, Xinyin Nutrients Article Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is characterized by excessive placental fat and glucose transport, resulting in fetal overgrowth. Earlier we demonstrated that maternal choline supplementation normalizes fetal growth in GDM mice at mid-gestation. In this study, we further assess how choline and its oxidation product betaine influence determinants of placental nutrient transport in GDM mice and human trophoblasts. C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat (HF) diet 4 weeks prior to and during pregnancy to induce GDM or fed a control normal fat (NF) diet. The HF mice also received 25 mM choline, 85 mM betaine, or control drinking water. We observed that GDM mice had an expanded placental junctional zone with an increased area of glycogen cells, while the thickness of the placental labyrinth zone was decreased at E17.5 compared to NF control mice (p < 0.05). Choline and betaine supplementation alleviated these morphological changes in GDM placentas. In parallel, both choline and betaine supplementation significantly reduced glucose accretion (p < 0.05) in in vitro assays where the human choriocarcinoma BeWo cells were cultured in high (35.5 mM) or normal (5.5 mM) glucose conditions. Expression of angiogenic genes was minimally altered by choline or betaine supplementation in either model. In conclusion, both choline and betaine modified some but not all determinants of placental transport in response to hyperglycemia in mouse and in vitro human cell line models. MDPI 2018-10-15 /pmc/articles/PMC6213524/ /pubmed/30326592 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu10101507 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Nanobashvili, Khatia
Jack-Roberts, Chauntelle
Bretter, Rachel
Jones, Naudia
Axen, Kathleen
Saxena, Anjana
Blain, Kali
Jiang, Xinyin
Maternal Choline and Betaine Supplementation Modifies the Placental Response to Hyperglycemia in Mice and Human Trophoblasts
title Maternal Choline and Betaine Supplementation Modifies the Placental Response to Hyperglycemia in Mice and Human Trophoblasts
title_full Maternal Choline and Betaine Supplementation Modifies the Placental Response to Hyperglycemia in Mice and Human Trophoblasts
title_fullStr Maternal Choline and Betaine Supplementation Modifies the Placental Response to Hyperglycemia in Mice and Human Trophoblasts
title_full_unstemmed Maternal Choline and Betaine Supplementation Modifies the Placental Response to Hyperglycemia in Mice and Human Trophoblasts
title_short Maternal Choline and Betaine Supplementation Modifies the Placental Response to Hyperglycemia in Mice and Human Trophoblasts
title_sort maternal choline and betaine supplementation modifies the placental response to hyperglycemia in mice and human trophoblasts
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6213524/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30326592
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu10101507
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