Low occurrence of Hepatitis A virus in water samples from an urban area of Southern Brazil

Hepatitis A virus (HAV), a member of Picornaviridae family, is the main causative agent of acute viral hepatitis in the world, mainly in developing countries. HAV may be present in contaminated water and food and its presence is often associated to a lesser extent with socioeconomic factors and envi...

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Autores principales: de Souza, Fernanda Gil, da Silva, Francini Pereira, Staggemeier, Rodrigo, Rigotto, Caroline, Spilki, Fernando Rosado
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Instituto de Medicina Tropical 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6223251/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30427404
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1678-9946201860069
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author de Souza, Fernanda Gil
da Silva, Francini Pereira
Staggemeier, Rodrigo
Rigotto, Caroline
Spilki, Fernando Rosado
author_facet de Souza, Fernanda Gil
da Silva, Francini Pereira
Staggemeier, Rodrigo
Rigotto, Caroline
Spilki, Fernando Rosado
author_sort de Souza, Fernanda Gil
collection PubMed
description Hepatitis A virus (HAV), a member of Picornaviridae family, is the main causative agent of acute viral hepatitis in the world, mainly in developing countries. HAV may be present in contaminated water and food and its presence is often associated to a lesser extent with socioeconomic factors and environmental quality. The main goals in the present study were to standardize a cell culture combined to a polymerase chain reaction protocol for the detection and quantification of viral viability and analyze whether the virus could be found in water samples collected in four urban streams of Sinos River watershed. Virus recovery was assayed from known virus concentrations measured in experimentally contaminated raw and ultrapure water (MilliQ(®)). Recovery rates ranged from 270% in raw water to 15,000% in ultrapure water. In a second step, a qPCR coupled to a previous passage in cells, demonstrated more analytical sensitivity when compared to samples assayed without a previous passage in cell cultures. HAV genome was detected in only 1 of 84 samples analyzed, pointing to a very low occurrence of HAV in water samples in the studied region. These findings are remarkable, since no more than 5% of the domestic sewage in this area is treated pointing to a low occurrence of HAV in the population living nearby during the study period.
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spelling pubmed-62232512018-11-09 Low occurrence of Hepatitis A virus in water samples from an urban area of Southern Brazil de Souza, Fernanda Gil da Silva, Francini Pereira Staggemeier, Rodrigo Rigotto, Caroline Spilki, Fernando Rosado Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo Original Article Hepatitis A virus (HAV), a member of Picornaviridae family, is the main causative agent of acute viral hepatitis in the world, mainly in developing countries. HAV may be present in contaminated water and food and its presence is often associated to a lesser extent with socioeconomic factors and environmental quality. The main goals in the present study were to standardize a cell culture combined to a polymerase chain reaction protocol for the detection and quantification of viral viability and analyze whether the virus could be found in water samples collected in four urban streams of Sinos River watershed. Virus recovery was assayed from known virus concentrations measured in experimentally contaminated raw and ultrapure water (MilliQ(®)). Recovery rates ranged from 270% in raw water to 15,000% in ultrapure water. In a second step, a qPCR coupled to a previous passage in cells, demonstrated more analytical sensitivity when compared to samples assayed without a previous passage in cell cultures. HAV genome was detected in only 1 of 84 samples analyzed, pointing to a very low occurrence of HAV in water samples in the studied region. These findings are remarkable, since no more than 5% of the domestic sewage in this area is treated pointing to a low occurrence of HAV in the population living nearby during the study period. Instituto de Medicina Tropical 2018-11-08 /pmc/articles/PMC6223251/ /pubmed/30427404 http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1678-9946201860069 Text en https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Article
de Souza, Fernanda Gil
da Silva, Francini Pereira
Staggemeier, Rodrigo
Rigotto, Caroline
Spilki, Fernando Rosado
Low occurrence of Hepatitis A virus in water samples from an urban area of Southern Brazil
title Low occurrence of Hepatitis A virus in water samples from an urban area of Southern Brazil
title_full Low occurrence of Hepatitis A virus in water samples from an urban area of Southern Brazil
title_fullStr Low occurrence of Hepatitis A virus in water samples from an urban area of Southern Brazil
title_full_unstemmed Low occurrence of Hepatitis A virus in water samples from an urban area of Southern Brazil
title_short Low occurrence of Hepatitis A virus in water samples from an urban area of Southern Brazil
title_sort low occurrence of hepatitis a virus in water samples from an urban area of southern brazil
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6223251/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30427404
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1678-9946201860069
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