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Optimization of Oligosaccharide Production from Leuconostoc lactis Using a Response Surface Methodology and the Immunostimulating Effects of These Oligosaccharides on Macrophage Cells
Production of oligosaccharides from Leuconostoc lactis CCK940 was optimized using a response surface methodology with a central composite design. Culture temperature and the concentrations of sucrose and maltose were used as the main factors. The predicted optimum conditions for the production of ol...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6225360/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30142905 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules23092118 |
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author | Lee, Sulhee Park, Gwi-Gun Jang, Jae-Kweon Park, Young-Seo |
author_facet | Lee, Sulhee Park, Gwi-Gun Jang, Jae-Kweon Park, Young-Seo |
author_sort | Lee, Sulhee |
collection | PubMed |
description | Production of oligosaccharides from Leuconostoc lactis CCK940 was optimized using a response surface methodology with a central composite design. Culture temperature and the concentrations of sucrose and maltose were used as the main factors. The predicted optimum conditions for the production of oligosaccharides were a culture temperature of 30 °C, a sucrose concentration of 9.6% (w/v), and a maltose concentration of 7.4% (w/v). Using these optimal conditions, Leuconostoc lactis CCK940 was cultured using a fermenter to produce oligosaccharides, and the resulting oligosaccharides with a degree of polymerization greater than 4 were purified by Bio-gel P2 gel permeation column chromatography and then lyophilized. When macrophages were treated with the purified oligosaccharides at concentrations of 0.1–10 mg/mL, no cytotoxicity towards the macrophages was observed. However, nitric oxide production levels were similar to those following treatment with 1 μg/mL lipopolysaccharide. The mRNA expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and inducible nitric oxide synthase were all also increased in a dose-dependent manner following treatment with the oligosaccharides. These data suggest that oligosaccharides produced by Leuconostoc lactis CCK940 could be used as an immune enhancer of macrophages. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6225360 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-62253602018-11-13 Optimization of Oligosaccharide Production from Leuconostoc lactis Using a Response Surface Methodology and the Immunostimulating Effects of These Oligosaccharides on Macrophage Cells Lee, Sulhee Park, Gwi-Gun Jang, Jae-Kweon Park, Young-Seo Molecules Article Production of oligosaccharides from Leuconostoc lactis CCK940 was optimized using a response surface methodology with a central composite design. Culture temperature and the concentrations of sucrose and maltose were used as the main factors. The predicted optimum conditions for the production of oligosaccharides were a culture temperature of 30 °C, a sucrose concentration of 9.6% (w/v), and a maltose concentration of 7.4% (w/v). Using these optimal conditions, Leuconostoc lactis CCK940 was cultured using a fermenter to produce oligosaccharides, and the resulting oligosaccharides with a degree of polymerization greater than 4 were purified by Bio-gel P2 gel permeation column chromatography and then lyophilized. When macrophages were treated with the purified oligosaccharides at concentrations of 0.1–10 mg/mL, no cytotoxicity towards the macrophages was observed. However, nitric oxide production levels were similar to those following treatment with 1 μg/mL lipopolysaccharide. The mRNA expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and inducible nitric oxide synthase were all also increased in a dose-dependent manner following treatment with the oligosaccharides. These data suggest that oligosaccharides produced by Leuconostoc lactis CCK940 could be used as an immune enhancer of macrophages. MDPI 2018-08-23 /pmc/articles/PMC6225360/ /pubmed/30142905 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules23092118 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Lee, Sulhee Park, Gwi-Gun Jang, Jae-Kweon Park, Young-Seo Optimization of Oligosaccharide Production from Leuconostoc lactis Using a Response Surface Methodology and the Immunostimulating Effects of These Oligosaccharides on Macrophage Cells |
title | Optimization of Oligosaccharide Production from Leuconostoc lactis Using a Response Surface Methodology and the Immunostimulating Effects of These Oligosaccharides on Macrophage Cells |
title_full | Optimization of Oligosaccharide Production from Leuconostoc lactis Using a Response Surface Methodology and the Immunostimulating Effects of These Oligosaccharides on Macrophage Cells |
title_fullStr | Optimization of Oligosaccharide Production from Leuconostoc lactis Using a Response Surface Methodology and the Immunostimulating Effects of These Oligosaccharides on Macrophage Cells |
title_full_unstemmed | Optimization of Oligosaccharide Production from Leuconostoc lactis Using a Response Surface Methodology and the Immunostimulating Effects of These Oligosaccharides on Macrophage Cells |
title_short | Optimization of Oligosaccharide Production from Leuconostoc lactis Using a Response Surface Methodology and the Immunostimulating Effects of These Oligosaccharides on Macrophage Cells |
title_sort | optimization of oligosaccharide production from leuconostoc lactis using a response surface methodology and the immunostimulating effects of these oligosaccharides on macrophage cells |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6225360/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30142905 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules23092118 |
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