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Geometric partitioning of cohesin and condensin is a consequence of chromatin loops

SMC (structural maintenance of chromosomes) complexes condensin and cohesin are crucial for proper chromosome organization. Condensin has been reported to be a mechanochemical motor capable of forming chromatin loops, while cohesin passively diffuses along chromatin to tether sister chromatids. In b...

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Autores principales: Lawrimore, Josh, Doshi, Ayush, Friedman, Brandon, Yeh, Elaine, Bloom, Kerry
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The American Society for Cell Biology 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6249845/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30207827
http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E18-02-0131
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author Lawrimore, Josh
Doshi, Ayush
Friedman, Brandon
Yeh, Elaine
Bloom, Kerry
author_facet Lawrimore, Josh
Doshi, Ayush
Friedman, Brandon
Yeh, Elaine
Bloom, Kerry
author_sort Lawrimore, Josh
collection PubMed
description SMC (structural maintenance of chromosomes) complexes condensin and cohesin are crucial for proper chromosome organization. Condensin has been reported to be a mechanochemical motor capable of forming chromatin loops, while cohesin passively diffuses along chromatin to tether sister chromatids. In budding yeast, the pericentric region is enriched in both condensin and cohesin. As in higher-eukaryotic chromosomes, condensin is localized to the axial chromatin of the pericentric region, while cohesin is enriched in the radial chromatin. Thus, the pericentric region serves as an ideal model for deducing the role of SMC complexes in chromosome organization. We find condensin-mediated chromatin loops establish a robust chromatin organization, while cohesin limits the area that chromatin loops can explore. Upon biorientation, extensional force from the mitotic spindle aggregates condensin-bound chromatin from its equilibrium position to the axial core of pericentric chromatin, resulting in amplified axial tension. The axial localization of condensin depends on condensin’s ability to bind to chromatin to form loops, while the radial localization of cohesin depends on cohesin’s ability to diffuse along chromatin. The different chromatin-tethering modalities of condensin and cohesin result in their geometric partitioning in the presence of an extensional force on chromatin.
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spelling pubmed-62498452019-01-16 Geometric partitioning of cohesin and condensin is a consequence of chromatin loops Lawrimore, Josh Doshi, Ayush Friedman, Brandon Yeh, Elaine Bloom, Kerry Mol Biol Cell Articles SMC (structural maintenance of chromosomes) complexes condensin and cohesin are crucial for proper chromosome organization. Condensin has been reported to be a mechanochemical motor capable of forming chromatin loops, while cohesin passively diffuses along chromatin to tether sister chromatids. In budding yeast, the pericentric region is enriched in both condensin and cohesin. As in higher-eukaryotic chromosomes, condensin is localized to the axial chromatin of the pericentric region, while cohesin is enriched in the radial chromatin. Thus, the pericentric region serves as an ideal model for deducing the role of SMC complexes in chromosome organization. We find condensin-mediated chromatin loops establish a robust chromatin organization, while cohesin limits the area that chromatin loops can explore. Upon biorientation, extensional force from the mitotic spindle aggregates condensin-bound chromatin from its equilibrium position to the axial core of pericentric chromatin, resulting in amplified axial tension. The axial localization of condensin depends on condensin’s ability to bind to chromatin to form loops, while the radial localization of cohesin depends on cohesin’s ability to diffuse along chromatin. The different chromatin-tethering modalities of condensin and cohesin result in their geometric partitioning in the presence of an extensional force on chromatin. The American Society for Cell Biology 2018-11-01 /pmc/articles/PMC6249845/ /pubmed/30207827 http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E18-02-0131 Text en © 2018 Lawrimore et al. “ASCB®,” “The American Society for Cell Biology®,” and “Molecular Biology of the Cell®” are registered trademarks of The American Society for Cell Biology. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0 This article is distributed by The American Society for Cell Biology under license from the author(s). Two months after publication it is available to the public under an Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike 3.0 Unported Creative Commons License.
spellingShingle Articles
Lawrimore, Josh
Doshi, Ayush
Friedman, Brandon
Yeh, Elaine
Bloom, Kerry
Geometric partitioning of cohesin and condensin is a consequence of chromatin loops
title Geometric partitioning of cohesin and condensin is a consequence of chromatin loops
title_full Geometric partitioning of cohesin and condensin is a consequence of chromatin loops
title_fullStr Geometric partitioning of cohesin and condensin is a consequence of chromatin loops
title_full_unstemmed Geometric partitioning of cohesin and condensin is a consequence of chromatin loops
title_short Geometric partitioning of cohesin and condensin is a consequence of chromatin loops
title_sort geometric partitioning of cohesin and condensin is a consequence of chromatin loops
topic Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6249845/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30207827
http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E18-02-0131
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