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Intronic miR-744 Inhibits Glioblastoma Migration by Functionally Antagonizing Its Host Gene MAP2K4
Background: The second intron of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinase 4 (MAP2K4), an important hub in the pro-invasive MAPK pathway, harbors miR-744. There is accumulating evidence that intronic micro-RNAs (miRNAs) are capable of either supporting or restraining functional pathways of their host...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6266622/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30366472 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers10110400 |
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author | Hübner, Max Hinske, Christian Ludwig Effinger, David Wu, Tingting Thon, Niklas Kreth, Friedrich-Wilhelm Kreth, Simone |
author_facet | Hübner, Max Hinske, Christian Ludwig Effinger, David Wu, Tingting Thon, Niklas Kreth, Friedrich-Wilhelm Kreth, Simone |
author_sort | Hübner, Max |
collection | PubMed |
description | Background: The second intron of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinase 4 (MAP2K4), an important hub in the pro-invasive MAPK pathway, harbors miR-744. There is accumulating evidence that intronic micro-RNAs (miRNAs) are capable of either supporting or restraining functional pathways of their host genes, thereby creating intricate regulative networks. We thus hypothesized that miR-744 regulates glioma migration by interacting with its host’s pathways. Methods: Patients’ tumor specimens were obtained stereotactically. MiR-744 was overexpressed in U87, T98G, and primary glioblastoma (GBM) cell lines. Cell mobility was studied using migration and Boyden chamber assays. Protein and mRNA expression was quantified by SDS-PAGE and qRT-PCR. Interactions of miR-744 and 3’UTRs were analyzed by luciferase reporter assays, and SMAD2/3, p38, and beta-Catenin activities by TOP/FOPflash reporter gene assays. Results: As compared to a normal brain, miR-744 levels were dramatically decreased in GBM samples and in primary GBM cell lines. Astrocytoma WHO grade II/III exhibited intermediate expression levels. Re-expression of miR-744 in U87, T98G, and primary GBM cell lines induced focal growth and impaired cell mobility. Luciferase activity of 3’UTR reporter constructs revealed the pro-invasive factors TGFB1 and DVL2 as direct targets of miR-744. Re-expression of miR-744 reduced levels of TGFB1, DVL2, and the host MAP2K4, and mitigated activity of TGFB1 and DVL2 downstream targets SMAD2/3 and beta-Catenin. TGFB1 knock-down repressed MAP2K4 expression. Conclusion: MiR-744 acts as an intrinsic brake on its host. It impedes MAP2K4 functional pathways through simultaneously targeting SMAD-, beta-Catenin, and MAPK signaling networks, thereby strongly mitigating pro-migratory effects of MAP2K4. MiR-744 is strongly repressed in glioma, and its re-expression might attenuate tumor invasiveness. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6266622 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-62666222018-12-03 Intronic miR-744 Inhibits Glioblastoma Migration by Functionally Antagonizing Its Host Gene MAP2K4 Hübner, Max Hinske, Christian Ludwig Effinger, David Wu, Tingting Thon, Niklas Kreth, Friedrich-Wilhelm Kreth, Simone Cancers (Basel) Article Background: The second intron of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinase 4 (MAP2K4), an important hub in the pro-invasive MAPK pathway, harbors miR-744. There is accumulating evidence that intronic micro-RNAs (miRNAs) are capable of either supporting or restraining functional pathways of their host genes, thereby creating intricate regulative networks. We thus hypothesized that miR-744 regulates glioma migration by interacting with its host’s pathways. Methods: Patients’ tumor specimens were obtained stereotactically. MiR-744 was overexpressed in U87, T98G, and primary glioblastoma (GBM) cell lines. Cell mobility was studied using migration and Boyden chamber assays. Protein and mRNA expression was quantified by SDS-PAGE and qRT-PCR. Interactions of miR-744 and 3’UTRs were analyzed by luciferase reporter assays, and SMAD2/3, p38, and beta-Catenin activities by TOP/FOPflash reporter gene assays. Results: As compared to a normal brain, miR-744 levels were dramatically decreased in GBM samples and in primary GBM cell lines. Astrocytoma WHO grade II/III exhibited intermediate expression levels. Re-expression of miR-744 in U87, T98G, and primary GBM cell lines induced focal growth and impaired cell mobility. Luciferase activity of 3’UTR reporter constructs revealed the pro-invasive factors TGFB1 and DVL2 as direct targets of miR-744. Re-expression of miR-744 reduced levels of TGFB1, DVL2, and the host MAP2K4, and mitigated activity of TGFB1 and DVL2 downstream targets SMAD2/3 and beta-Catenin. TGFB1 knock-down repressed MAP2K4 expression. Conclusion: MiR-744 acts as an intrinsic brake on its host. It impedes MAP2K4 functional pathways through simultaneously targeting SMAD-, beta-Catenin, and MAPK signaling networks, thereby strongly mitigating pro-migratory effects of MAP2K4. MiR-744 is strongly repressed in glioma, and its re-expression might attenuate tumor invasiveness. MDPI 2018-10-25 /pmc/articles/PMC6266622/ /pubmed/30366472 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers10110400 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Hübner, Max Hinske, Christian Ludwig Effinger, David Wu, Tingting Thon, Niklas Kreth, Friedrich-Wilhelm Kreth, Simone Intronic miR-744 Inhibits Glioblastoma Migration by Functionally Antagonizing Its Host Gene MAP2K4 |
title | Intronic miR-744 Inhibits Glioblastoma Migration by Functionally Antagonizing Its Host Gene MAP2K4 |
title_full | Intronic miR-744 Inhibits Glioblastoma Migration by Functionally Antagonizing Its Host Gene MAP2K4 |
title_fullStr | Intronic miR-744 Inhibits Glioblastoma Migration by Functionally Antagonizing Its Host Gene MAP2K4 |
title_full_unstemmed | Intronic miR-744 Inhibits Glioblastoma Migration by Functionally Antagonizing Its Host Gene MAP2K4 |
title_short | Intronic miR-744 Inhibits Glioblastoma Migration by Functionally Antagonizing Its Host Gene MAP2K4 |
title_sort | intronic mir-744 inhibits glioblastoma migration by functionally antagonizing its host gene map2k4 |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6266622/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30366472 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers10110400 |
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