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Iberian pig adaptation to acorn consumption: II. Net portal appearance of amino acids
In Iberian pig outdoor production, pigs are fed equilibrated diets until the final fattening period when grazing pigs consume mainly acorns from oak trees. Acorns are rich in energy but poor in crude protein where lysine is the first limiting amino acid (AA). Net portal appearance (NPA) is very usef...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
PeerJ Inc.
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6302897/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30588411 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6137 |
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author | Lachica, Manuel Rodríguez-López, Jose Miguel González-Valero, Lucrecia Fernández-Fígares, Ignacio |
author_facet | Lachica, Manuel Rodríguez-López, Jose Miguel González-Valero, Lucrecia Fernández-Fígares, Ignacio |
author_sort | Lachica, Manuel |
collection | PubMed |
description | In Iberian pig outdoor production, pigs are fed equilibrated diets until the final fattening period when grazing pigs consume mainly acorns from oak trees. Acorns are rich in energy but poor in crude protein where lysine is the first limiting amino acid (AA). Net portal appearance (NPA) is very useful to ascertain AA available for liver and peripheral tissues. The aim of this study was to determine NPA of AA in Iberian gilts fed with acorns and to ascertain if there was an effect of acorn feeding over time. Two sampling periods were carried out (after one day and after one week of acorn feeding) with six gilts (34 kg average BW) set up with three catheters: in carotid artery and portal vein for blood sampling, and ileal vein for a marker infusion to measure portal plasma flow (PPF). Pigs were fed at 2.5 × ME for maintenance a standard diet in two meals, at 09:00 (0.25) and 15:00 h (the remaining 0.75). The day previous to first sampling, pig diet was replaced by 2.4 kg of acorn. A serial blood collection was done at −5 min, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 5 and 6 h after feeding 0.25 of total daily acorn ration. Following identical protocol, one week later the second sampling was done. NPA of sum of essential AA (EAA) was poor. Although increased NPA of histidine (P < 0.001), leucine, phenylalanine and valine (0.05 < P < 0.08) was found after one week of acorn consumption, the sum of EAA did not change. Furthermore, fractional absorption (NPA/AA intake) of EAA, non-essential AA (NEAA) and total AA was 97, 44 and 49% lower, respectively, at the beginning of eating acorn than a week later. Supplementation, with some of the EAA and NEAA to Iberian pigs during the grazing period would be beneficial to overcome the increased portal-drained viscera (PDV) utilization of AA observed in the present study. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6302897 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | PeerJ Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-63028972018-12-26 Iberian pig adaptation to acorn consumption: II. Net portal appearance of amino acids Lachica, Manuel Rodríguez-López, Jose Miguel González-Valero, Lucrecia Fernández-Fígares, Ignacio PeerJ Agricultural Science In Iberian pig outdoor production, pigs are fed equilibrated diets until the final fattening period when grazing pigs consume mainly acorns from oak trees. Acorns are rich in energy but poor in crude protein where lysine is the first limiting amino acid (AA). Net portal appearance (NPA) is very useful to ascertain AA available for liver and peripheral tissues. The aim of this study was to determine NPA of AA in Iberian gilts fed with acorns and to ascertain if there was an effect of acorn feeding over time. Two sampling periods were carried out (after one day and after one week of acorn feeding) with six gilts (34 kg average BW) set up with three catheters: in carotid artery and portal vein for blood sampling, and ileal vein for a marker infusion to measure portal plasma flow (PPF). Pigs were fed at 2.5 × ME for maintenance a standard diet in two meals, at 09:00 (0.25) and 15:00 h (the remaining 0.75). The day previous to first sampling, pig diet was replaced by 2.4 kg of acorn. A serial blood collection was done at −5 min, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 5 and 6 h after feeding 0.25 of total daily acorn ration. Following identical protocol, one week later the second sampling was done. NPA of sum of essential AA (EAA) was poor. Although increased NPA of histidine (P < 0.001), leucine, phenylalanine and valine (0.05 < P < 0.08) was found after one week of acorn consumption, the sum of EAA did not change. Furthermore, fractional absorption (NPA/AA intake) of EAA, non-essential AA (NEAA) and total AA was 97, 44 and 49% lower, respectively, at the beginning of eating acorn than a week later. Supplementation, with some of the EAA and NEAA to Iberian pigs during the grazing period would be beneficial to overcome the increased portal-drained viscera (PDV) utilization of AA observed in the present study. PeerJ Inc. 2018-12-18 /pmc/articles/PMC6302897/ /pubmed/30588411 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6137 Text en ©2018 Lachica et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction and adaptation in any medium and for any purpose provided that it is properly attributed. For attribution, the original author(s), title, publication source (PeerJ) and either DOI or URL of the article must be cited. |
spellingShingle | Agricultural Science Lachica, Manuel Rodríguez-López, Jose Miguel González-Valero, Lucrecia Fernández-Fígares, Ignacio Iberian pig adaptation to acorn consumption: II. Net portal appearance of amino acids |
title | Iberian pig adaptation to acorn consumption: II. Net portal appearance of amino acids |
title_full | Iberian pig adaptation to acorn consumption: II. Net portal appearance of amino acids |
title_fullStr | Iberian pig adaptation to acorn consumption: II. Net portal appearance of amino acids |
title_full_unstemmed | Iberian pig adaptation to acorn consumption: II. Net portal appearance of amino acids |
title_short | Iberian pig adaptation to acorn consumption: II. Net portal appearance of amino acids |
title_sort | iberian pig adaptation to acorn consumption: ii. net portal appearance of amino acids |
topic | Agricultural Science |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6302897/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30588411 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6137 |
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