Structural and Functional Insights into Human Nuclear Cyclophilins

The peptidyl prolyl isomerases (PPI) of the cyclophilin type are distributed throughout human cells, including eight found solely in the nucleus. Nuclear cyclophilins are involved in complexes that regulate chromatin modification, transcription, and pre-mRNA splicing. This review collects what is kn...

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Autores principales: Rajiv, Caroline, Davis, Tara L.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6315705/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30518120
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom8040161
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author Rajiv, Caroline
Davis, Tara L.
author_facet Rajiv, Caroline
Davis, Tara L.
author_sort Rajiv, Caroline
collection PubMed
description The peptidyl prolyl isomerases (PPI) of the cyclophilin type are distributed throughout human cells, including eight found solely in the nucleus. Nuclear cyclophilins are involved in complexes that regulate chromatin modification, transcription, and pre-mRNA splicing. This review collects what is known about the eight human nuclear cyclophilins: peptidyl prolyl isomerase H (PPIH), peptidyl prolyl isomerase E (PPIE), peptidyl prolyl isomerase-like 1 (PPIL1), peptidyl prolyl isomerase-like 2 (PPIL2), peptidyl prolyl isomerase-like 3 (PPIL3), peptidyl prolyl isomerase G (PPIG), spliceosome-associated protein CWC27 homolog (CWC27), and peptidyl prolyl isomerase domain and WD repeat-containing protein 1 (PPWD1). Each “spliceophilin” is evaluated in relation to the spliceosomal complex in which it has been studied, and current work studying the biological roles of these cyclophilins in the nucleus are discussed. The eight human splicing complexes available in the Protein Data Bank (PDB) are analyzed from the viewpoint of the human spliceophilins. Future directions in structural and cellular biology, and the importance of developing spliceophilin-specific inhibitors, are considered.
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spelling pubmed-63157052019-01-10 Structural and Functional Insights into Human Nuclear Cyclophilins Rajiv, Caroline Davis, Tara L. Biomolecules Review The peptidyl prolyl isomerases (PPI) of the cyclophilin type are distributed throughout human cells, including eight found solely in the nucleus. Nuclear cyclophilins are involved in complexes that regulate chromatin modification, transcription, and pre-mRNA splicing. This review collects what is known about the eight human nuclear cyclophilins: peptidyl prolyl isomerase H (PPIH), peptidyl prolyl isomerase E (PPIE), peptidyl prolyl isomerase-like 1 (PPIL1), peptidyl prolyl isomerase-like 2 (PPIL2), peptidyl prolyl isomerase-like 3 (PPIL3), peptidyl prolyl isomerase G (PPIG), spliceosome-associated protein CWC27 homolog (CWC27), and peptidyl prolyl isomerase domain and WD repeat-containing protein 1 (PPWD1). Each “spliceophilin” is evaluated in relation to the spliceosomal complex in which it has been studied, and current work studying the biological roles of these cyclophilins in the nucleus are discussed. The eight human splicing complexes available in the Protein Data Bank (PDB) are analyzed from the viewpoint of the human spliceophilins. Future directions in structural and cellular biology, and the importance of developing spliceophilin-specific inhibitors, are considered. MDPI 2018-12-04 /pmc/articles/PMC6315705/ /pubmed/30518120 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom8040161 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Rajiv, Caroline
Davis, Tara L.
Structural and Functional Insights into Human Nuclear Cyclophilins
title Structural and Functional Insights into Human Nuclear Cyclophilins
title_full Structural and Functional Insights into Human Nuclear Cyclophilins
title_fullStr Structural and Functional Insights into Human Nuclear Cyclophilins
title_full_unstemmed Structural and Functional Insights into Human Nuclear Cyclophilins
title_short Structural and Functional Insights into Human Nuclear Cyclophilins
title_sort structural and functional insights into human nuclear cyclophilins
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6315705/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30518120
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom8040161
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