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Teaching an old dog new tricks: next-generation CAR T cells

Adoptive T cell therapy (ACT) refers to the therapeutic use of T cells. T cells genetically engineered to express chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) constitute the most clinically advanced form of ACT approved to date for the treatment of CD19-positive leukaemias and lymphomas. CARs are synthetic rece...

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Autores principales: Tokarew, Nicholas, Ogonek, Justyna, Endres, Stefan, von Bergwelt-Baildon, Michael, Kobold, Sebastian
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6325111/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30413825
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41416-018-0325-1
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author Tokarew, Nicholas
Ogonek, Justyna
Endres, Stefan
von Bergwelt-Baildon, Michael
Kobold, Sebastian
author_facet Tokarew, Nicholas
Ogonek, Justyna
Endres, Stefan
von Bergwelt-Baildon, Michael
Kobold, Sebastian
author_sort Tokarew, Nicholas
collection PubMed
description Adoptive T cell therapy (ACT) refers to the therapeutic use of T cells. T cells genetically engineered to express chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) constitute the most clinically advanced form of ACT approved to date for the treatment of CD19-positive leukaemias and lymphomas. CARs are synthetic receptors that are able to confer antigen-binding and activating functions on T cells with the aim of therapeutically targeting cancer cells. Several factors are essential for CAR T cell therapy to be effective, such as recruitment, activation, expansion and persistence of bioengineered T cells at the tumour site. Despite the advances made in CAR T cell therapy, however, most tumour entities still escape immune detection and elimination. A number of strategies counteracting these problems will need to be addressed in order to render T cell therapy effective in more situations than currently possible. Non-haematological tumours are also the subject of active investigation, but ACT has so far shown only marginal success rates in these cases. New approaches are needed to enhance the ability of ACT to target solid tumours without increasing toxicity, by improving recognition, infiltration, and persistence within tumours, as well as an enhanced resistance to the suppressive tumour microenvironment.
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spelling pubmed-63251112019-11-09 Teaching an old dog new tricks: next-generation CAR T cells Tokarew, Nicholas Ogonek, Justyna Endres, Stefan von Bergwelt-Baildon, Michael Kobold, Sebastian Br J Cancer Review Article Adoptive T cell therapy (ACT) refers to the therapeutic use of T cells. T cells genetically engineered to express chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) constitute the most clinically advanced form of ACT approved to date for the treatment of CD19-positive leukaemias and lymphomas. CARs are synthetic receptors that are able to confer antigen-binding and activating functions on T cells with the aim of therapeutically targeting cancer cells. Several factors are essential for CAR T cell therapy to be effective, such as recruitment, activation, expansion and persistence of bioengineered T cells at the tumour site. Despite the advances made in CAR T cell therapy, however, most tumour entities still escape immune detection and elimination. A number of strategies counteracting these problems will need to be addressed in order to render T cell therapy effective in more situations than currently possible. Non-haematological tumours are also the subject of active investigation, but ACT has so far shown only marginal success rates in these cases. New approaches are needed to enhance the ability of ACT to target solid tumours without increasing toxicity, by improving recognition, infiltration, and persistence within tumours, as well as an enhanced resistance to the suppressive tumour microenvironment. Nature Publishing Group UK 2018-11-09 2019-01-08 /pmc/articles/PMC6325111/ /pubmed/30413825 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41416-018-0325-1 Text en © Cancer Research UK 2018 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This work is published under the standard license to publish agreement. After 12 months the work will become freely available and the license terms will switch to a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).
spellingShingle Review Article
Tokarew, Nicholas
Ogonek, Justyna
Endres, Stefan
von Bergwelt-Baildon, Michael
Kobold, Sebastian
Teaching an old dog new tricks: next-generation CAR T cells
title Teaching an old dog new tricks: next-generation CAR T cells
title_full Teaching an old dog new tricks: next-generation CAR T cells
title_fullStr Teaching an old dog new tricks: next-generation CAR T cells
title_full_unstemmed Teaching an old dog new tricks: next-generation CAR T cells
title_short Teaching an old dog new tricks: next-generation CAR T cells
title_sort teaching an old dog new tricks: next-generation car t cells
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6325111/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30413825
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41416-018-0325-1
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