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Effect of a short-term low fermentable oligiosaccharide, disaccharide, monosaccharide and polyol (FODMAP) diet on exercise-related gastrointestinal symptoms
BACKGROUND: Research has demonstrated that low fermentable oligiosaccharide, disaccharide, monosaccharide and polyol (FODMAP) diets improve gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms in irritable bowel syndrome sufferers. Exercise-related GI issues are a common cause of underperformance, with current evidence f...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6332635/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30646926 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12970-019-0268-9 |
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author | Wiffin, Melanie Smith, Lee Antonio, Jose Johnstone, James Beasley, Liam Roberts, Justin |
author_facet | Wiffin, Melanie Smith, Lee Antonio, Jose Johnstone, James Beasley, Liam Roberts, Justin |
author_sort | Wiffin, Melanie |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Research has demonstrated that low fermentable oligiosaccharide, disaccharide, monosaccharide and polyol (FODMAP) diets improve gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms in irritable bowel syndrome sufferers. Exercise-related GI issues are a common cause of underperformance, with current evidence focusing on the use of FODMAP approaches with recreationally competitive or highly trained athletes. However, there is a paucity of research exploring the potential benefit of FODMAP strategies to support healthy, recreational athletes who experience GI issues during training. This study therefore aimed to assess whether a short-term LOW(FODMAP) diet improved exercise-related GI symptoms and the perceived ability to exercise in recreational runners. METHODS: Sixteen healthy volunteers were randomly assigned in a crossover design manner to either a LOW(FODMAP) (16.06 ± 1.79 g·d(− 1)) or HIGH(FODMAP) (38.65 ± 6.66 g·d(− 1)) diet for 7 days, with a one week washout period followed by a further 7 days on the alternate diet. Participants rated their gastrointestinal symptoms on an adapted version of the Irritable Bowel Syndrome-Severity Scoring System (IBS-SSS) questionnaire before and at the end of each dietary period. Perceived ability to exercise (frequency, intensity and duration) in relation to each dietary period was also rated using a visual analogue scale. Resting blood samples were collected prior to and on completion of each diet to determine plasma intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP) as a marker of acute GI injury. RESULTS: Overall IBS-SSS score significantly reduced in the LOW(FODMAP) condition from 81.1 ± 16.4 to 31.3 ± 9.2 (arbitrary units; P = 0.004). Perceived exercise frequency (z = 2.309, P = 0.02) and intensity (z = 2.687, P = 0.007) was significantly improved following a short-term LOW(FODMAP) approach compared to HIGH(FODMAP). No significant differences were reported between dietary conditions for plasma I-FABP (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: A short-term LOW(FODMAP) diet under free-living conditions reduced exercise-related GI symptoms and improved the perceived ability to exercise in otherwise healthy, recreational runners. These findings may be explained by a reduction in indigestible carbohydrates available for fermentation in the gut. The therapeutic benefits of LOW(FODMAP) diets in recreational and trained athletes during sustained training periods warrants further investigation. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6332635 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-63326352019-01-16 Effect of a short-term low fermentable oligiosaccharide, disaccharide, monosaccharide and polyol (FODMAP) diet on exercise-related gastrointestinal symptoms Wiffin, Melanie Smith, Lee Antonio, Jose Johnstone, James Beasley, Liam Roberts, Justin J Int Soc Sports Nutr Research Article BACKGROUND: Research has demonstrated that low fermentable oligiosaccharide, disaccharide, monosaccharide and polyol (FODMAP) diets improve gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms in irritable bowel syndrome sufferers. Exercise-related GI issues are a common cause of underperformance, with current evidence focusing on the use of FODMAP approaches with recreationally competitive or highly trained athletes. However, there is a paucity of research exploring the potential benefit of FODMAP strategies to support healthy, recreational athletes who experience GI issues during training. This study therefore aimed to assess whether a short-term LOW(FODMAP) diet improved exercise-related GI symptoms and the perceived ability to exercise in recreational runners. METHODS: Sixteen healthy volunteers were randomly assigned in a crossover design manner to either a LOW(FODMAP) (16.06 ± 1.79 g·d(− 1)) or HIGH(FODMAP) (38.65 ± 6.66 g·d(− 1)) diet for 7 days, with a one week washout period followed by a further 7 days on the alternate diet. Participants rated their gastrointestinal symptoms on an adapted version of the Irritable Bowel Syndrome-Severity Scoring System (IBS-SSS) questionnaire before and at the end of each dietary period. Perceived ability to exercise (frequency, intensity and duration) in relation to each dietary period was also rated using a visual analogue scale. Resting blood samples were collected prior to and on completion of each diet to determine plasma intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP) as a marker of acute GI injury. RESULTS: Overall IBS-SSS score significantly reduced in the LOW(FODMAP) condition from 81.1 ± 16.4 to 31.3 ± 9.2 (arbitrary units; P = 0.004). Perceived exercise frequency (z = 2.309, P = 0.02) and intensity (z = 2.687, P = 0.007) was significantly improved following a short-term LOW(FODMAP) approach compared to HIGH(FODMAP). No significant differences were reported between dietary conditions for plasma I-FABP (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: A short-term LOW(FODMAP) diet under free-living conditions reduced exercise-related GI symptoms and improved the perceived ability to exercise in otherwise healthy, recreational runners. These findings may be explained by a reduction in indigestible carbohydrates available for fermentation in the gut. The therapeutic benefits of LOW(FODMAP) diets in recreational and trained athletes during sustained training periods warrants further investigation. BioMed Central 2019-01-15 /pmc/articles/PMC6332635/ /pubmed/30646926 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12970-019-0268-9 Text en © The Author(s). 2019 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Wiffin, Melanie Smith, Lee Antonio, Jose Johnstone, James Beasley, Liam Roberts, Justin Effect of a short-term low fermentable oligiosaccharide, disaccharide, monosaccharide and polyol (FODMAP) diet on exercise-related gastrointestinal symptoms |
title | Effect of a short-term low fermentable oligiosaccharide, disaccharide, monosaccharide and polyol (FODMAP) diet on exercise-related gastrointestinal symptoms |
title_full | Effect of a short-term low fermentable oligiosaccharide, disaccharide, monosaccharide and polyol (FODMAP) diet on exercise-related gastrointestinal symptoms |
title_fullStr | Effect of a short-term low fermentable oligiosaccharide, disaccharide, monosaccharide and polyol (FODMAP) diet on exercise-related gastrointestinal symptoms |
title_full_unstemmed | Effect of a short-term low fermentable oligiosaccharide, disaccharide, monosaccharide and polyol (FODMAP) diet on exercise-related gastrointestinal symptoms |
title_short | Effect of a short-term low fermentable oligiosaccharide, disaccharide, monosaccharide and polyol (FODMAP) diet on exercise-related gastrointestinal symptoms |
title_sort | effect of a short-term low fermentable oligiosaccharide, disaccharide, monosaccharide and polyol (fodmap) diet on exercise-related gastrointestinal symptoms |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6332635/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30646926 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12970-019-0268-9 |
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