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The Synergistic Effects of APOE Genotype and Obesity on Alzheimer’s Disease Risk
The APOE gene has three common alleles—E2, E3, and E4, with APOE4 being the strongest genetic risk factor for developing Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Obesity is a global epidemic and contributes to multiple metabolic problems. Obesity is also a risk factor for cognitive decline. Here, we review the eff...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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MDPI
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6337558/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30586872 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20010063 |
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author | Jones, Nahdia S. Rebeck, G. William |
author_facet | Jones, Nahdia S. Rebeck, G. William |
author_sort | Jones, Nahdia S. |
collection | PubMed |
description | The APOE gene has three common alleles—E2, E3, and E4, with APOE4 being the strongest genetic risk factor for developing Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Obesity is a global epidemic and contributes to multiple metabolic problems. Obesity is also a risk factor for cognitive decline. Here, we review the effects of APOE4 and obesity on cognition and AD development, independently and together. We describe studies that have associated APOE4 with cognitive deficits and AD, as well as studies that have associated obesity to cognitive deficits and AD. We then describe studies that have examined the effects of obesity and APOE genotypes together, with a focus on APOE4 and high fat diets. Both human studies and rodent models have contributed to understanding the effects of obesity on the different APOE genotypes, and we outline possible underlying mechanisms associated with these effects. Data across approaches support a model in which APOE4 and obesity combine for greater detrimental effects on metabolism and cognition, in ways that are influenced by both age and sex. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6337558 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-63375582019-01-22 The Synergistic Effects of APOE Genotype and Obesity on Alzheimer’s Disease Risk Jones, Nahdia S. Rebeck, G. William Int J Mol Sci Review The APOE gene has three common alleles—E2, E3, and E4, with APOE4 being the strongest genetic risk factor for developing Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Obesity is a global epidemic and contributes to multiple metabolic problems. Obesity is also a risk factor for cognitive decline. Here, we review the effects of APOE4 and obesity on cognition and AD development, independently and together. We describe studies that have associated APOE4 with cognitive deficits and AD, as well as studies that have associated obesity to cognitive deficits and AD. We then describe studies that have examined the effects of obesity and APOE genotypes together, with a focus on APOE4 and high fat diets. Both human studies and rodent models have contributed to understanding the effects of obesity on the different APOE genotypes, and we outline possible underlying mechanisms associated with these effects. Data across approaches support a model in which APOE4 and obesity combine for greater detrimental effects on metabolism and cognition, in ways that are influenced by both age and sex. MDPI 2018-12-24 /pmc/articles/PMC6337558/ /pubmed/30586872 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20010063 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Jones, Nahdia S. Rebeck, G. William The Synergistic Effects of APOE Genotype and Obesity on Alzheimer’s Disease Risk |
title | The Synergistic Effects of APOE Genotype and Obesity on Alzheimer’s Disease Risk |
title_full | The Synergistic Effects of APOE Genotype and Obesity on Alzheimer’s Disease Risk |
title_fullStr | The Synergistic Effects of APOE Genotype and Obesity on Alzheimer’s Disease Risk |
title_full_unstemmed | The Synergistic Effects of APOE Genotype and Obesity on Alzheimer’s Disease Risk |
title_short | The Synergistic Effects of APOE Genotype and Obesity on Alzheimer’s Disease Risk |
title_sort | synergistic effects of apoe genotype and obesity on alzheimer’s disease risk |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6337558/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30586872 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20010063 |
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