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Infection of B Cell Follicle-Resident Cells by Friend Retrovirus Occurs during Acute Infection and Is Maintained during Viral Persistence

B cell follicles of the spleen and lymph nodes are immune privileged sites and serve as sanctuaries for infected CD4(+) cells in HIV infection. It is assumed that CD8(+) T cell responses promote the establishment of the reservoir, as B cell follicles do not permit CD8(+) T cell entry. Here we analyz...

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Autores principales: Windmann, Sonja, Otto, Lucas, Hrycak, Camilla Patrizia, Malyshkina, Anna, Bongard, Nadine, David, Paul, Gunzer, Matthias, Dittmer, Ulf, Bayer, Wibke
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: American Society for Microbiology 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6381274/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30782653
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mBio.00004-19
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author Windmann, Sonja
Otto, Lucas
Hrycak, Camilla Patrizia
Malyshkina, Anna
Bongard, Nadine
David, Paul
Gunzer, Matthias
Dittmer, Ulf
Bayer, Wibke
author_facet Windmann, Sonja
Otto, Lucas
Hrycak, Camilla Patrizia
Malyshkina, Anna
Bongard, Nadine
David, Paul
Gunzer, Matthias
Dittmer, Ulf
Bayer, Wibke
author_sort Windmann, Sonja
collection PubMed
description B cell follicles of the spleen and lymph nodes are immune privileged sites and serve as sanctuaries for infected CD4(+) cells in HIV infection. It is assumed that CD8(+) T cell responses promote the establishment of the reservoir, as B cell follicles do not permit CD8(+) T cell entry. Here we analyzed the infected cell population in the Friend retrovirus (FV) infection and investigated whether FV can similarly infect follicular cells. For analysis of FV-infected cells, we constructed a recombinant FV encoding the bright fluorescent protein mWasabi and performed flow cytometry with cells isolated from spleens, lymph nodes and bone marrow of FV-mWasabi-infected mice. Using t-stochastic neighbor embedding for data exploration, we demonstrate how the target cell population changes during the course of infection. While FV was widely distributed in erythrocytes, myeloid cells, B cells, and CD4(+) T cells in the acute phase of infection, the bulk viral load in the late phase was carried by macrophages and follicular B and CD4(+) T cells, suggesting that FV persists in cells that are protected from CD8(+) T cell killing. Importantly, seeding into follicular cells was equally observed in CD8(+) T cell-depleted mice and in highly FV-susceptible mice that mount a very weak immune response, demonstrating that infection of follicular cells is not driven by immune pressure. Our data demonstrate that infection of cells in the B cell follicle is a characteristic of the FV infection, making this murine retrovirus an even more valuable model for development of retrovirus immunotherapy approaches.
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spelling pubmed-63812742019-02-22 Infection of B Cell Follicle-Resident Cells by Friend Retrovirus Occurs during Acute Infection and Is Maintained during Viral Persistence Windmann, Sonja Otto, Lucas Hrycak, Camilla Patrizia Malyshkina, Anna Bongard, Nadine David, Paul Gunzer, Matthias Dittmer, Ulf Bayer, Wibke mBio Research Article B cell follicles of the spleen and lymph nodes are immune privileged sites and serve as sanctuaries for infected CD4(+) cells in HIV infection. It is assumed that CD8(+) T cell responses promote the establishment of the reservoir, as B cell follicles do not permit CD8(+) T cell entry. Here we analyzed the infected cell population in the Friend retrovirus (FV) infection and investigated whether FV can similarly infect follicular cells. For analysis of FV-infected cells, we constructed a recombinant FV encoding the bright fluorescent protein mWasabi and performed flow cytometry with cells isolated from spleens, lymph nodes and bone marrow of FV-mWasabi-infected mice. Using t-stochastic neighbor embedding for data exploration, we demonstrate how the target cell population changes during the course of infection. While FV was widely distributed in erythrocytes, myeloid cells, B cells, and CD4(+) T cells in the acute phase of infection, the bulk viral load in the late phase was carried by macrophages and follicular B and CD4(+) T cells, suggesting that FV persists in cells that are protected from CD8(+) T cell killing. Importantly, seeding into follicular cells was equally observed in CD8(+) T cell-depleted mice and in highly FV-susceptible mice that mount a very weak immune response, demonstrating that infection of follicular cells is not driven by immune pressure. Our data demonstrate that infection of cells in the B cell follicle is a characteristic of the FV infection, making this murine retrovirus an even more valuable model for development of retrovirus immunotherapy approaches. American Society for Microbiology 2019-02-19 /pmc/articles/PMC6381274/ /pubmed/30782653 http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mBio.00004-19 Text en Copyright © 2019 Windmann et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Research Article
Windmann, Sonja
Otto, Lucas
Hrycak, Camilla Patrizia
Malyshkina, Anna
Bongard, Nadine
David, Paul
Gunzer, Matthias
Dittmer, Ulf
Bayer, Wibke
Infection of B Cell Follicle-Resident Cells by Friend Retrovirus Occurs during Acute Infection and Is Maintained during Viral Persistence
title Infection of B Cell Follicle-Resident Cells by Friend Retrovirus Occurs during Acute Infection and Is Maintained during Viral Persistence
title_full Infection of B Cell Follicle-Resident Cells by Friend Retrovirus Occurs during Acute Infection and Is Maintained during Viral Persistence
title_fullStr Infection of B Cell Follicle-Resident Cells by Friend Retrovirus Occurs during Acute Infection and Is Maintained during Viral Persistence
title_full_unstemmed Infection of B Cell Follicle-Resident Cells by Friend Retrovirus Occurs during Acute Infection and Is Maintained during Viral Persistence
title_short Infection of B Cell Follicle-Resident Cells by Friend Retrovirus Occurs during Acute Infection and Is Maintained during Viral Persistence
title_sort infection of b cell follicle-resident cells by friend retrovirus occurs during acute infection and is maintained during viral persistence
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6381274/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30782653
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mBio.00004-19
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