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Histone Modifications and the Maintenance of Telomere Integrity
Telomeres, the nucleoprotein structures at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes, play an integral role in protecting linear DNA from degradation. Dysregulation of telomeres can result in genomic instability and has been implicated in increased rates of cellular senescence and many diseases, including...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6407025/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30823596 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells8020199 |
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author | Jezek, Meagan Green, Erin M. |
author_facet | Jezek, Meagan Green, Erin M. |
author_sort | Jezek, Meagan |
collection | PubMed |
description | Telomeres, the nucleoprotein structures at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes, play an integral role in protecting linear DNA from degradation. Dysregulation of telomeres can result in genomic instability and has been implicated in increased rates of cellular senescence and many diseases, including cancer. The integrity of telomeres is maintained by a coordinated network of proteins and RNAs, such as the telomerase holoenzyme and protective proteins that prevent the recognition of the telomere ends as a DNA double-strand breaks. The structure of chromatin at telomeres and within adjacent subtelomeres has been implicated in telomere maintenance pathways in model systems and humans. Specific post-translational modifications of histones, including methylation, acetylation, and ubiquitination, have been shown to be necessary for maintaining a chromatin environment that promotes telomere integrity. Here we review the current knowledge regarding the role of histone modifications in maintaining telomeric and subtelomeric chromatin, discuss the implications of histone modification marks as they relate to human disease, and highlight key areas for future research. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6407025 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-64070252019-03-19 Histone Modifications and the Maintenance of Telomere Integrity Jezek, Meagan Green, Erin M. Cells Review Telomeres, the nucleoprotein structures at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes, play an integral role in protecting linear DNA from degradation. Dysregulation of telomeres can result in genomic instability and has been implicated in increased rates of cellular senescence and many diseases, including cancer. The integrity of telomeres is maintained by a coordinated network of proteins and RNAs, such as the telomerase holoenzyme and protective proteins that prevent the recognition of the telomere ends as a DNA double-strand breaks. The structure of chromatin at telomeres and within adjacent subtelomeres has been implicated in telomere maintenance pathways in model systems and humans. Specific post-translational modifications of histones, including methylation, acetylation, and ubiquitination, have been shown to be necessary for maintaining a chromatin environment that promotes telomere integrity. Here we review the current knowledge regarding the role of histone modifications in maintaining telomeric and subtelomeric chromatin, discuss the implications of histone modification marks as they relate to human disease, and highlight key areas for future research. MDPI 2019-02-25 /pmc/articles/PMC6407025/ /pubmed/30823596 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells8020199 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Jezek, Meagan Green, Erin M. Histone Modifications and the Maintenance of Telomere Integrity |
title | Histone Modifications and the Maintenance of Telomere Integrity |
title_full | Histone Modifications and the Maintenance of Telomere Integrity |
title_fullStr | Histone Modifications and the Maintenance of Telomere Integrity |
title_full_unstemmed | Histone Modifications and the Maintenance of Telomere Integrity |
title_short | Histone Modifications and the Maintenance of Telomere Integrity |
title_sort | histone modifications and the maintenance of telomere integrity |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6407025/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30823596 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells8020199 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT jezekmeagan histonemodificationsandthemaintenanceoftelomereintegrity AT greenerinm histonemodificationsandthemaintenanceoftelomereintegrity |