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Optimization of the Extraction Process to Obtain a Colorant Ingredient from Leaves of Ocimum basilicum var. purpurascens

Heat-Assisted Extraction (HAE) was used for the optimized production of an extract rich in anthocyanin compounds from Ocimum basilicum var. purpurascens leaves. The optimization was performed using the response surface methodology employing a central composite experimental design with five-levels fo...

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Autores principales: Fernandes, Filipa, Pereira, Eliana, Prieto, Miguel A., Calhelha, Ricardo C., Ćirić, Ana, Soković, Marina, Simal-Gandara, Jesus, Barros, Lillian, Ferreira, Isabel C. F. R.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6413035/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30769867
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24040686
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author Fernandes, Filipa
Pereira, Eliana
Prieto, Miguel A.
Calhelha, Ricardo C.
Ćirić, Ana
Soković, Marina
Simal-Gandara, Jesus
Barros, Lillian
Ferreira, Isabel C. F. R.
author_facet Fernandes, Filipa
Pereira, Eliana
Prieto, Miguel A.
Calhelha, Ricardo C.
Ćirić, Ana
Soković, Marina
Simal-Gandara, Jesus
Barros, Lillian
Ferreira, Isabel C. F. R.
author_sort Fernandes, Filipa
collection PubMed
description Heat-Assisted Extraction (HAE) was used for the optimized production of an extract rich in anthocyanin compounds from Ocimum basilicum var. purpurascens leaves. The optimization was performed using the response surface methodology employing a central composite experimental design with five-levels for each of the assessed variables. The independent variables studied were the extraction time (t, 20–120 min), temperature (T, 25–85 °C), and solvent (S, 0–100% of ethanol, v/v). Anthocyanin compounds were analysed by HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS and the extraction yields were used as response variables. Theoretical models were developed for the obtained experimental data, then the models were validated by a selected number of statistical tests, and finally, those models were used in the prediction and optimization steps. The optimal HAE conditions for the extraction of anthocyanin compounds were: t = 65.37 ± 3.62 min, T = 85.00 ± 1.17 °C and S = 62.50 ± 4.24%, and originated 114.74 ± 0.58 TA mg/g of extract. This study highlighted the red rubin basil leaves as a promising natural matrix to extract pigmented compounds, using green solvents and reduced extraction times. The extract rich in anthocyanins also showed antimicrobial and anti-proliferative properties against four human tumor cell lines, without any toxicity on a primary porcine liver cell line.
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spelling pubmed-64130352019-04-09 Optimization of the Extraction Process to Obtain a Colorant Ingredient from Leaves of Ocimum basilicum var. purpurascens Fernandes, Filipa Pereira, Eliana Prieto, Miguel A. Calhelha, Ricardo C. Ćirić, Ana Soković, Marina Simal-Gandara, Jesus Barros, Lillian Ferreira, Isabel C. F. R. Molecules Article Heat-Assisted Extraction (HAE) was used for the optimized production of an extract rich in anthocyanin compounds from Ocimum basilicum var. purpurascens leaves. The optimization was performed using the response surface methodology employing a central composite experimental design with five-levels for each of the assessed variables. The independent variables studied were the extraction time (t, 20–120 min), temperature (T, 25–85 °C), and solvent (S, 0–100% of ethanol, v/v). Anthocyanin compounds were analysed by HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS and the extraction yields were used as response variables. Theoretical models were developed for the obtained experimental data, then the models were validated by a selected number of statistical tests, and finally, those models were used in the prediction and optimization steps. The optimal HAE conditions for the extraction of anthocyanin compounds were: t = 65.37 ± 3.62 min, T = 85.00 ± 1.17 °C and S = 62.50 ± 4.24%, and originated 114.74 ± 0.58 TA mg/g of extract. This study highlighted the red rubin basil leaves as a promising natural matrix to extract pigmented compounds, using green solvents and reduced extraction times. The extract rich in anthocyanins also showed antimicrobial and anti-proliferative properties against four human tumor cell lines, without any toxicity on a primary porcine liver cell line. MDPI 2019-02-14 /pmc/articles/PMC6413035/ /pubmed/30769867 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24040686 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Fernandes, Filipa
Pereira, Eliana
Prieto, Miguel A.
Calhelha, Ricardo C.
Ćirić, Ana
Soković, Marina
Simal-Gandara, Jesus
Barros, Lillian
Ferreira, Isabel C. F. R.
Optimization of the Extraction Process to Obtain a Colorant Ingredient from Leaves of Ocimum basilicum var. purpurascens
title Optimization of the Extraction Process to Obtain a Colorant Ingredient from Leaves of Ocimum basilicum var. purpurascens
title_full Optimization of the Extraction Process to Obtain a Colorant Ingredient from Leaves of Ocimum basilicum var. purpurascens
title_fullStr Optimization of the Extraction Process to Obtain a Colorant Ingredient from Leaves of Ocimum basilicum var. purpurascens
title_full_unstemmed Optimization of the Extraction Process to Obtain a Colorant Ingredient from Leaves of Ocimum basilicum var. purpurascens
title_short Optimization of the Extraction Process to Obtain a Colorant Ingredient from Leaves of Ocimum basilicum var. purpurascens
title_sort optimization of the extraction process to obtain a colorant ingredient from leaves of ocimum basilicum var. purpurascens
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6413035/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30769867
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24040686
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