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Thiamine and benfotiamine protect neuroblastoma cells against paraquat and β-amyloid toxicity by a coenzyme-independent mechanism
BACKGROUND: Benfotiamine (BFT) is a synthetic thiamine precursor with high bioavailability. It is efficient in treating complications of type 2 diabetes and has beneficial effects in mouse models of neurodegenerative diseases. The mechanism of action of BFT remains unknown, though it is sometimes su...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Elsevier
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6520661/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31193162 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01710 |
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author | Sambon, Margaux Napp, Aurore Demelenne, Alice Vignisse, Julie Wins, Pierre Fillet, Marianne Bettendorff, Lucien |
author_facet | Sambon, Margaux Napp, Aurore Demelenne, Alice Vignisse, Julie Wins, Pierre Fillet, Marianne Bettendorff, Lucien |
author_sort | Sambon, Margaux |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Benfotiamine (BFT) is a synthetic thiamine precursor with high bioavailability. It is efficient in treating complications of type 2 diabetes and has beneficial effects in mouse models of neurodegenerative diseases. The mechanism of action of BFT remains unknown, though it is sometimes suggested that it may be linked to increased thiamine diphosphate (ThDP) coenzyme function. METHODS: We used a mouse neuroblastoma cell line (Neuro2a) grown in thiamine-restricted medium. The cells were stressed by exposure to paraquat (PQ) or amyloid β(1-42) peptide in the presence or absence of BFT and the cell survival was measured using the MTT method. In each case, BFT was compared with sulbutiamine (SuBT), an unrelated thiamine precursor, and thiamine. Metabolites of BFT were determined by HPLC and mass spectrometry. RESULTS: At 50 μM, BFT protects the cells against PQ and amyloid β(1-42) peptide-induced toxicity with the same efficacy. Protective effects were also observed with SuBT and with higher concentrations of thiamine. The main metabolites of BFT were thiamine and S-benzoylthiamine (S-BT). Treatment with both precursors induces a strong increase in intracellular content of thiamine. Protective effects of BFT and SuBT are directly related to thiamine (but not ThDP) levels in Neuro2a cells. CONCLUSIONS: BFT, SuBT and thiamine all protect the cells against oxidative stress, suggesting an antioxidant effect of thiamine. Our results are not in favor of a direct ROS scavenging effect of thiamine but rather an indirect effect possibly mediated by some antioxidant signaling pathway. It is however not clear whether this effect is due to thiamine itself, its thiol form or an unknown metabolite. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE: Our results suggest a role of thiamine in protection against oxidative stress, independent of the coenzyme function of thiamine diphosphate. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6520661 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | Elsevier |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-65206612019-05-23 Thiamine and benfotiamine protect neuroblastoma cells against paraquat and β-amyloid toxicity by a coenzyme-independent mechanism Sambon, Margaux Napp, Aurore Demelenne, Alice Vignisse, Julie Wins, Pierre Fillet, Marianne Bettendorff, Lucien Heliyon Article BACKGROUND: Benfotiamine (BFT) is a synthetic thiamine precursor with high bioavailability. It is efficient in treating complications of type 2 diabetes and has beneficial effects in mouse models of neurodegenerative diseases. The mechanism of action of BFT remains unknown, though it is sometimes suggested that it may be linked to increased thiamine diphosphate (ThDP) coenzyme function. METHODS: We used a mouse neuroblastoma cell line (Neuro2a) grown in thiamine-restricted medium. The cells were stressed by exposure to paraquat (PQ) or amyloid β(1-42) peptide in the presence or absence of BFT and the cell survival was measured using the MTT method. In each case, BFT was compared with sulbutiamine (SuBT), an unrelated thiamine precursor, and thiamine. Metabolites of BFT were determined by HPLC and mass spectrometry. RESULTS: At 50 μM, BFT protects the cells against PQ and amyloid β(1-42) peptide-induced toxicity with the same efficacy. Protective effects were also observed with SuBT and with higher concentrations of thiamine. The main metabolites of BFT were thiamine and S-benzoylthiamine (S-BT). Treatment with both precursors induces a strong increase in intracellular content of thiamine. Protective effects of BFT and SuBT are directly related to thiamine (but not ThDP) levels in Neuro2a cells. CONCLUSIONS: BFT, SuBT and thiamine all protect the cells against oxidative stress, suggesting an antioxidant effect of thiamine. Our results are not in favor of a direct ROS scavenging effect of thiamine but rather an indirect effect possibly mediated by some antioxidant signaling pathway. It is however not clear whether this effect is due to thiamine itself, its thiol form or an unknown metabolite. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE: Our results suggest a role of thiamine in protection against oxidative stress, independent of the coenzyme function of thiamine diphosphate. Elsevier 2019-05-14 /pmc/articles/PMC6520661/ /pubmed/31193162 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01710 Text en © 2019 Published by Elsevier Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Sambon, Margaux Napp, Aurore Demelenne, Alice Vignisse, Julie Wins, Pierre Fillet, Marianne Bettendorff, Lucien Thiamine and benfotiamine protect neuroblastoma cells against paraquat and β-amyloid toxicity by a coenzyme-independent mechanism |
title | Thiamine and benfotiamine protect neuroblastoma cells against paraquat and β-amyloid toxicity by a coenzyme-independent mechanism |
title_full | Thiamine and benfotiamine protect neuroblastoma cells against paraquat and β-amyloid toxicity by a coenzyme-independent mechanism |
title_fullStr | Thiamine and benfotiamine protect neuroblastoma cells against paraquat and β-amyloid toxicity by a coenzyme-independent mechanism |
title_full_unstemmed | Thiamine and benfotiamine protect neuroblastoma cells against paraquat and β-amyloid toxicity by a coenzyme-independent mechanism |
title_short | Thiamine and benfotiamine protect neuroblastoma cells against paraquat and β-amyloid toxicity by a coenzyme-independent mechanism |
title_sort | thiamine and benfotiamine protect neuroblastoma cells against paraquat and β-amyloid toxicity by a coenzyme-independent mechanism |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6520661/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31193162 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01710 |
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