Cargando…

Burnout among school teachers: quantitative and qualitative results from a follow-up study in southern Sweden

BACKGROUND: Teachers are at high risk of stress-related disorders. This longitudinal study aimed to (a) identify which occupational, sociodemographic and life-style factors and self-efficacy at baseline that were of importance for burnout, (b) explore associations between changes in the studied fact...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Arvidsson, Inger, Leo, Ulf, Larsson, Anna, Håkansson, Carita, Persson, Roger, Björk, Jonas
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6542045/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31142318
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-6972-1
_version_ 1783422867965214720
author Arvidsson, Inger
Leo, Ulf
Larsson, Anna
Håkansson, Carita
Persson, Roger
Björk, Jonas
author_facet Arvidsson, Inger
Leo, Ulf
Larsson, Anna
Håkansson, Carita
Persson, Roger
Björk, Jonas
author_sort Arvidsson, Inger
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Teachers are at high risk of stress-related disorders. This longitudinal study aimed to (a) identify which occupational, sociodemographic and life-style factors and self-efficacy at baseline that were of importance for burnout, (b) explore associations between changes in the studied factors versus changes in burnout, and (c) by interviews increase the understanding of perceived job demands among teachers. METHODS: A cohort of 310 Swedish teachers in school-years 4–9 responded to a questionnaire of occupational, sociodemographic and life-style factors, self-efficacy and burnout, at baseline and at follow-up (mean 30 months later). A combined measure with four levels of burnout was crafted, based on exhaustion, cynicism and professional efficacy (Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey). Quantitative data were analysed with multiple ordinal regression, and qualitative data were analysed with content analysis of interview responses from a subgroup of the teachers (n = 81). RESULTS: The occurrence of high burnout (level 2 and 3 combined) were similar at baseline and follow-up (14% vs. 15%). However, many teachers fluctuated between the levels of burnout (28% increased and 24% decreased). Burnout at baseline was of importance for change of work or being off duty at follow up. In the multi-exposure model, low self-efficacy [OR 0.42; CI 0.26–0.68] and high job demands [OR 1.97; CI 1.02–3.8] were the strongest explanatory variables. Low self-efficacy remained as the strongest explanatory factor after adjustment for burnout at baseline. Increased job demands during follow-up was associated with an increased level of burnout [OR 3.41; CI 1.73–6.69], whereas increased decision latitude was associated with a decreased level of burnout [OR 0.51; CI 0.30–0.87]. Two major categories of demands emerged in the qualitative analysis; i.e. too high workload and a sense of inadequacy. CONCLUSIONS: A substantial proportion of teachers showed signs of burnout at both occasions. Low self-efficacy and high job demands was of importance for burnout, and changes in burnout was further associated with changes in decision latitude. The results points to the need of actions on individual, organizational and a societal levels. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1186/s12889-019-6972-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-6542045
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2019
publisher BioMed Central
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-65420452019-06-03 Burnout among school teachers: quantitative and qualitative results from a follow-up study in southern Sweden Arvidsson, Inger Leo, Ulf Larsson, Anna Håkansson, Carita Persson, Roger Björk, Jonas BMC Public Health Research Article BACKGROUND: Teachers are at high risk of stress-related disorders. This longitudinal study aimed to (a) identify which occupational, sociodemographic and life-style factors and self-efficacy at baseline that were of importance for burnout, (b) explore associations between changes in the studied factors versus changes in burnout, and (c) by interviews increase the understanding of perceived job demands among teachers. METHODS: A cohort of 310 Swedish teachers in school-years 4–9 responded to a questionnaire of occupational, sociodemographic and life-style factors, self-efficacy and burnout, at baseline and at follow-up (mean 30 months later). A combined measure with four levels of burnout was crafted, based on exhaustion, cynicism and professional efficacy (Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey). Quantitative data were analysed with multiple ordinal regression, and qualitative data were analysed with content analysis of interview responses from a subgroup of the teachers (n = 81). RESULTS: The occurrence of high burnout (level 2 and 3 combined) were similar at baseline and follow-up (14% vs. 15%). However, many teachers fluctuated between the levels of burnout (28% increased and 24% decreased). Burnout at baseline was of importance for change of work or being off duty at follow up. In the multi-exposure model, low self-efficacy [OR 0.42; CI 0.26–0.68] and high job demands [OR 1.97; CI 1.02–3.8] were the strongest explanatory variables. Low self-efficacy remained as the strongest explanatory factor after adjustment for burnout at baseline. Increased job demands during follow-up was associated with an increased level of burnout [OR 3.41; CI 1.73–6.69], whereas increased decision latitude was associated with a decreased level of burnout [OR 0.51; CI 0.30–0.87]. Two major categories of demands emerged in the qualitative analysis; i.e. too high workload and a sense of inadequacy. CONCLUSIONS: A substantial proportion of teachers showed signs of burnout at both occasions. Low self-efficacy and high job demands was of importance for burnout, and changes in burnout was further associated with changes in decision latitude. The results points to the need of actions on individual, organizational and a societal levels. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1186/s12889-019-6972-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. BioMed Central 2019-05-29 /pmc/articles/PMC6542045/ /pubmed/31142318 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-6972-1 Text en © The Author(s). 2019 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Research Article
Arvidsson, Inger
Leo, Ulf
Larsson, Anna
Håkansson, Carita
Persson, Roger
Björk, Jonas
Burnout among school teachers: quantitative and qualitative results from a follow-up study in southern Sweden
title Burnout among school teachers: quantitative and qualitative results from a follow-up study in southern Sweden
title_full Burnout among school teachers: quantitative and qualitative results from a follow-up study in southern Sweden
title_fullStr Burnout among school teachers: quantitative and qualitative results from a follow-up study in southern Sweden
title_full_unstemmed Burnout among school teachers: quantitative and qualitative results from a follow-up study in southern Sweden
title_short Burnout among school teachers: quantitative and qualitative results from a follow-up study in southern Sweden
title_sort burnout among school teachers: quantitative and qualitative results from a follow-up study in southern sweden
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6542045/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31142318
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-6972-1
work_keys_str_mv AT arvidssoninger burnoutamongschoolteachersquantitativeandqualitativeresultsfromafollowupstudyinsouthernsweden
AT leoulf burnoutamongschoolteachersquantitativeandqualitativeresultsfromafollowupstudyinsouthernsweden
AT larssonanna burnoutamongschoolteachersquantitativeandqualitativeresultsfromafollowupstudyinsouthernsweden
AT hakanssoncarita burnoutamongschoolteachersquantitativeandqualitativeresultsfromafollowupstudyinsouthernsweden
AT perssonroger burnoutamongschoolteachersquantitativeandqualitativeresultsfromafollowupstudyinsouthernsweden
AT bjorkjonas burnoutamongschoolteachersquantitativeandqualitativeresultsfromafollowupstudyinsouthernsweden