Cargando…
DL-3-n-butylphthalide protects the blood-brain barrier against ischemia/hypoxia injury via upregulation of tight junction proteins
BACKGROUND: The increased permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) induced by ischemia/hypoxia is generally correlated with alteration of tight junctions (TJs). DL-3-n-butylphthalide (NBP) has been shown to exert neuroprotective effects after ischemic injury. However, few studies have assessed...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Wolters Kluwer Health
2019
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6629356/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30939485 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/CM9.0000000000000232 |
_version_ | 1783435094225059840 |
---|---|
author | Ye, Zhan-Ying Xing, Han-Ying Wang, Bei Liu, Min Lv, Pei-Yuan |
author_facet | Ye, Zhan-Ying Xing, Han-Ying Wang, Bei Liu, Min Lv, Pei-Yuan |
author_sort | Ye, Zhan-Ying |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: The increased permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) induced by ischemia/hypoxia is generally correlated with alteration of tight junctions (TJs). DL-3-n-butylphthalide (NBP) has been shown to exert neuroprotective effects after ischemic injury. However, few studies have assessed the correlation between NBP and TJs. This study aimed to investigate the potential effect of NBP on the TJ proteins claudin-5, zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), and occludin during brain ischemia. METHODS: A chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) Sprague-Dawley rat model was established, and NBP (20, 40, or 80 mg/kg, gavage, once a day) treatment was performed for 14 days. NBP (0.1 or 1.0 μmol/L) pre-treatment was applied to an in vitro hypoxia microvascular endothelial cell model (1% O(2), 24 h). BBB permeability was assessed by performing the Evans blue assay. The expressions and localization of claudin-5, ZO-1, occludin, phosphorylated/total protein kinase B (p-Akt/Akt), phosphorylated/total glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β)/GSK-3β, and β-catenin/β-actin were evaluated by Western blotting or immunofluorescence. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was measured by flow cytometry analysis. TJ ultrastructure was observed by transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS: In CCH rats, treatment with 40 and 80 mg/kg NBP decreased the Evans blue content in brain tissue (9.0 ± 0.9 μg/g vs. 12.3 ± 1.9 μg/g, P = 0.005; 6.7 ± 0.6 μg/g vs. 12.3 ± 1.9 μg/g, P < 0.01), increased the expression of claudin-5 (0.79 ± 0.08 vs. 0.41 ± 0.06, P < 0.01; 0.97 ± 0.07 vs. 0.41 ± 0.06, P < 0.01), and elevated the ZO-1 protein level (P < 0.05) in brain microvascular segments in a dose-dependent manner in comparison with the corresponding values in the model group. There was no significant difference in occludin expression (P > 0.05). In the hypoxia cell model, NBP pre-treatment improved TJ ultrastructure, decreased intracellular ROS level, and increased the expression of claudin-5 (P < 0.01) and ZO-1 (P < 0.01) in comparison with the corresponding values in the hypoxia group. NBP treatment also elevated the relative expression levels of p-Akt/Akt, p-GSK-3β/GSK-3β, and β-catenin/β-actin in comparison with the corresponding values in the hypoxia group (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: NBP improves the barrier function of BBB against ischemic injury by upregulating the expression of TJ proteins, possibly by reducing oxidative stress and activating the Akt/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6629356 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | Wolters Kluwer Health |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-66293562019-07-22 DL-3-n-butylphthalide protects the blood-brain barrier against ischemia/hypoxia injury via upregulation of tight junction proteins Ye, Zhan-Ying Xing, Han-Ying Wang, Bei Liu, Min Lv, Pei-Yuan Chin Med J (Engl) Original Articles BACKGROUND: The increased permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) induced by ischemia/hypoxia is generally correlated with alteration of tight junctions (TJs). DL-3-n-butylphthalide (NBP) has been shown to exert neuroprotective effects after ischemic injury. However, few studies have assessed the correlation between NBP and TJs. This study aimed to investigate the potential effect of NBP on the TJ proteins claudin-5, zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), and occludin during brain ischemia. METHODS: A chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) Sprague-Dawley rat model was established, and NBP (20, 40, or 80 mg/kg, gavage, once a day) treatment was performed for 14 days. NBP (0.1 or 1.0 μmol/L) pre-treatment was applied to an in vitro hypoxia microvascular endothelial cell model (1% O(2), 24 h). BBB permeability was assessed by performing the Evans blue assay. The expressions and localization of claudin-5, ZO-1, occludin, phosphorylated/total protein kinase B (p-Akt/Akt), phosphorylated/total glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β)/GSK-3β, and β-catenin/β-actin were evaluated by Western blotting or immunofluorescence. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was measured by flow cytometry analysis. TJ ultrastructure was observed by transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS: In CCH rats, treatment with 40 and 80 mg/kg NBP decreased the Evans blue content in brain tissue (9.0 ± 0.9 μg/g vs. 12.3 ± 1.9 μg/g, P = 0.005; 6.7 ± 0.6 μg/g vs. 12.3 ± 1.9 μg/g, P < 0.01), increased the expression of claudin-5 (0.79 ± 0.08 vs. 0.41 ± 0.06, P < 0.01; 0.97 ± 0.07 vs. 0.41 ± 0.06, P < 0.01), and elevated the ZO-1 protein level (P < 0.05) in brain microvascular segments in a dose-dependent manner in comparison with the corresponding values in the model group. There was no significant difference in occludin expression (P > 0.05). In the hypoxia cell model, NBP pre-treatment improved TJ ultrastructure, decreased intracellular ROS level, and increased the expression of claudin-5 (P < 0.01) and ZO-1 (P < 0.01) in comparison with the corresponding values in the hypoxia group. NBP treatment also elevated the relative expression levels of p-Akt/Akt, p-GSK-3β/GSK-3β, and β-catenin/β-actin in comparison with the corresponding values in the hypoxia group (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: NBP improves the barrier function of BBB against ischemic injury by upregulating the expression of TJ proteins, possibly by reducing oxidative stress and activating the Akt/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway. Wolters Kluwer Health 2019-06-05 2019-06-05 /pmc/articles/PMC6629356/ /pubmed/30939485 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/CM9.0000000000000232 Text en Copyright © 2019 The Chinese Medical Association, produced by Wolters Kluwer, Inc. under the CC-BY-NC-ND license. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 |
spellingShingle | Original Articles Ye, Zhan-Ying Xing, Han-Ying Wang, Bei Liu, Min Lv, Pei-Yuan DL-3-n-butylphthalide protects the blood-brain barrier against ischemia/hypoxia injury via upregulation of tight junction proteins |
title | DL-3-n-butylphthalide protects the blood-brain barrier against ischemia/hypoxia injury via upregulation of tight junction proteins |
title_full | DL-3-n-butylphthalide protects the blood-brain barrier against ischemia/hypoxia injury via upregulation of tight junction proteins |
title_fullStr | DL-3-n-butylphthalide protects the blood-brain barrier against ischemia/hypoxia injury via upregulation of tight junction proteins |
title_full_unstemmed | DL-3-n-butylphthalide protects the blood-brain barrier against ischemia/hypoxia injury via upregulation of tight junction proteins |
title_short | DL-3-n-butylphthalide protects the blood-brain barrier against ischemia/hypoxia injury via upregulation of tight junction proteins |
title_sort | dl-3-n-butylphthalide protects the blood-brain barrier against ischemia/hypoxia injury via upregulation of tight junction proteins |
topic | Original Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6629356/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30939485 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/CM9.0000000000000232 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT yezhanying dl3nbutylphthalideprotectsthebloodbrainbarrieragainstischemiahypoxiainjuryviaupregulationoftightjunctionproteins AT xinghanying dl3nbutylphthalideprotectsthebloodbrainbarrieragainstischemiahypoxiainjuryviaupregulationoftightjunctionproteins AT wangbei dl3nbutylphthalideprotectsthebloodbrainbarrieragainstischemiahypoxiainjuryviaupregulationoftightjunctionproteins AT liumin dl3nbutylphthalideprotectsthebloodbrainbarrieragainstischemiahypoxiainjuryviaupregulationoftightjunctionproteins AT lvpeiyuan dl3nbutylphthalideprotectsthebloodbrainbarrieragainstischemiahypoxiainjuryviaupregulationoftightjunctionproteins |