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Synthesis of P- and N-doped carbon catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction via controlled phosphoric acid treatment of folic acid

Herein, we synthesized P- and N-doped carbon materials (PN-doped carbon materials) through controlled phosphoric acid treatment (CPAT) of folic acid (FA) and probed their ability to catalyze the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) at the cathode of a fuel cell. Precursors obtained by heating FA in the p...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Kobayashi, Rieko, Ishii, Takafumi, Imashiro, Yasuo, Ozaki, Jun-ichi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Beilstein-Institut 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6664403/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31431862
http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.10.148
Descripción
Sumario:Herein, we synthesized P- and N-doped carbon materials (PN-doped carbon materials) through controlled phosphoric acid treatment (CPAT) of folic acid (FA) and probed their ability to catalyze the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) at the cathode of a fuel cell. Precursors obtained by heating FA in the presence of phosphoric acid at temperatures of 400–1000 °C were further annealed at 1000 °C to afford PN-doped carbon materials. The extent of precursor P doping was maximized at 700 °C, and the use of higher temperatures resulted in activation and increased porosity rather than in increased P content. The P/C atomic ratios of PN-doped carbon materials correlated well with those of the precursors, which indicated that CPAT is well suited for the preparation of PN-doped carbon materials. The carbon material prepared using a CPAT temperature of 700 °C exhibited the highest ORR activity and was shown to contain –C–PO(2) and –C–PO(3) moieties as the major P species and pyridinic N as the major N species. Moreover, no N–P bonds were detected. It was concluded that the presence of –C–PO(2) and –C–PO(3) units decreases the work function and thus raises the Fermi level above the standard O(2)/H(2)O reduction potential, which resulted in enhanced ORR activity. Finally, CPAT was concluded to be applicable to the synthesis of PN-doped carbon materials from N-containing organic compounds other than FA.