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Exploiting genetic variation in nitrogen use efficiency for cereal crop improvement
Cereals are the most important sources of calories and nutrition for the human population, and are an essential animal feed. Food security depends on adequate production and demands are predicted to rise as the global population rises. The need for increased yields will have to be coupled to the eff...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Current Biology Ltd
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6692496/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31176099 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pbi.2019.05.003 |
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author | Hawkesford, Malcolm J Griffiths, Simon |
author_facet | Hawkesford, Malcolm J Griffiths, Simon |
author_sort | Hawkesford, Malcolm J |
collection | PubMed |
description | Cereals are the most important sources of calories and nutrition for the human population, and are an essential animal feed. Food security depends on adequate production and demands are predicted to rise as the global population rises. The need for increased yields will have to be coupled to the efficient use of resources including fertilisers such as nitrogen to underpin the sustainability of food production. Although optimally performing crops with high yields require a balanced mineral nutrition, nitrogen fundamentally drives growth and yield as well as requirements for other nutrients. It is estimated that globally only 33% of applied nitrogen fertiliser is recovered in the harvested grain, indicative of a huge waste of resource and potential major pollutant and is thus a major target for crop improvement. Both agronomy and breeding will contribute to improved nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and an important component of the latter is harnessing germplasm variation. This review will consider the key traits involved in NUE, the potential to exploit genetic variation for these specific traits, and the approaches to be utilised. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6692496 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | Current Biology Ltd |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-66924962019-08-19 Exploiting genetic variation in nitrogen use efficiency for cereal crop improvement Hawkesford, Malcolm J Griffiths, Simon Curr Opin Plant Biol Article Cereals are the most important sources of calories and nutrition for the human population, and are an essential animal feed. Food security depends on adequate production and demands are predicted to rise as the global population rises. The need for increased yields will have to be coupled to the efficient use of resources including fertilisers such as nitrogen to underpin the sustainability of food production. Although optimally performing crops with high yields require a balanced mineral nutrition, nitrogen fundamentally drives growth and yield as well as requirements for other nutrients. It is estimated that globally only 33% of applied nitrogen fertiliser is recovered in the harvested grain, indicative of a huge waste of resource and potential major pollutant and is thus a major target for crop improvement. Both agronomy and breeding will contribute to improved nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and an important component of the latter is harnessing germplasm variation. This review will consider the key traits involved in NUE, the potential to exploit genetic variation for these specific traits, and the approaches to be utilised. Current Biology Ltd 2019-06 /pmc/articles/PMC6692496/ /pubmed/31176099 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pbi.2019.05.003 Text en © 2019 The Authors http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Hawkesford, Malcolm J Griffiths, Simon Exploiting genetic variation in nitrogen use efficiency for cereal crop improvement |
title | Exploiting genetic variation in nitrogen use efficiency for cereal crop improvement |
title_full | Exploiting genetic variation in nitrogen use efficiency for cereal crop improvement |
title_fullStr | Exploiting genetic variation in nitrogen use efficiency for cereal crop improvement |
title_full_unstemmed | Exploiting genetic variation in nitrogen use efficiency for cereal crop improvement |
title_short | Exploiting genetic variation in nitrogen use efficiency for cereal crop improvement |
title_sort | exploiting genetic variation in nitrogen use efficiency for cereal crop improvement |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6692496/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31176099 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pbi.2019.05.003 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT hawkesfordmalcolmj exploitinggeneticvariationinnitrogenuseefficiencyforcerealcropimprovement AT griffithssimon exploitinggeneticvariationinnitrogenuseefficiencyforcerealcropimprovement |