Diamond-inclusion system recording old deep lithosphere conditions at Udachnaya (Siberia)

Diamonds and their inclusions are unique fragments of deep Earth, which provide rare samples from inaccessible portions of our planet. Inclusion-free diamonds cannot provide information on depth of formation, which could be crucial to understand how the carbon cycle operated in the past. Inclusions...

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Autores principales: Nestola, Fabrizio, Zaffiro, Gabriele, Mazzucchelli, Mattia L., Nimis, Paolo, Andreozzi, Giovanni B., Periotto, Benedetta, Princivalle, Francesco, Lenaz, Davide, Secco, Luciano, Pasqualetto, Leonardo, Logvinova, Alla M., Sobolev, Nikolay V., Lorenzetti, Alessandra, Harris, Jeffrey W.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6715805/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31467318
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-48778-x
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author Nestola, Fabrizio
Zaffiro, Gabriele
Mazzucchelli, Mattia L.
Nimis, Paolo
Andreozzi, Giovanni B.
Periotto, Benedetta
Princivalle, Francesco
Lenaz, Davide
Secco, Luciano
Pasqualetto, Leonardo
Logvinova, Alla M.
Sobolev, Nikolay V.
Lorenzetti, Alessandra
Harris, Jeffrey W.
author_facet Nestola, Fabrizio
Zaffiro, Gabriele
Mazzucchelli, Mattia L.
Nimis, Paolo
Andreozzi, Giovanni B.
Periotto, Benedetta
Princivalle, Francesco
Lenaz, Davide
Secco, Luciano
Pasqualetto, Leonardo
Logvinova, Alla M.
Sobolev, Nikolay V.
Lorenzetti, Alessandra
Harris, Jeffrey W.
author_sort Nestola, Fabrizio
collection PubMed
description Diamonds and their inclusions are unique fragments of deep Earth, which provide rare samples from inaccessible portions of our planet. Inclusion-free diamonds cannot provide information on depth of formation, which could be crucial to understand how the carbon cycle operated in the past. Inclusions in diamonds, which remain uncorrupted over geological times, may instead provide direct records of deep Earth’s evolution. Here, we applied elastic geothermobarometry to a diamond-magnesiochromite (mchr) host-inclusion pair from the Udachnaya kimberlite (Siberia, Russia), one of the most important sources of natural diamonds. By combining X-ray diffraction and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy data with a new elastic model, we obtained entrapment conditions, P(trap) = 6.5(2) GPa and T(trap) = 1125(32)–1140(33) °C, for the mchr inclusion. These conditions fall on a ca. 35 mW/m(2) geotherm and are colder than the great majority of mantle xenoliths from similar depth in the same kimberlite. Our results indicate that cold cratonic conditions persisted for billions of years to at least 200 km in the local lithosphere. The composition of the mchr also indicates that at this depth the lithosphere was, at least locally, ultra-depleted at the time of diamond formation, as opposed to the melt-metasomatized, enriched composition of most xenoliths.
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spelling pubmed-67158052019-09-13 Diamond-inclusion system recording old deep lithosphere conditions at Udachnaya (Siberia) Nestola, Fabrizio Zaffiro, Gabriele Mazzucchelli, Mattia L. Nimis, Paolo Andreozzi, Giovanni B. Periotto, Benedetta Princivalle, Francesco Lenaz, Davide Secco, Luciano Pasqualetto, Leonardo Logvinova, Alla M. Sobolev, Nikolay V. Lorenzetti, Alessandra Harris, Jeffrey W. Sci Rep Article Diamonds and their inclusions are unique fragments of deep Earth, which provide rare samples from inaccessible portions of our planet. Inclusion-free diamonds cannot provide information on depth of formation, which could be crucial to understand how the carbon cycle operated in the past. Inclusions in diamonds, which remain uncorrupted over geological times, may instead provide direct records of deep Earth’s evolution. Here, we applied elastic geothermobarometry to a diamond-magnesiochromite (mchr) host-inclusion pair from the Udachnaya kimberlite (Siberia, Russia), one of the most important sources of natural diamonds. By combining X-ray diffraction and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy data with a new elastic model, we obtained entrapment conditions, P(trap) = 6.5(2) GPa and T(trap) = 1125(32)–1140(33) °C, for the mchr inclusion. These conditions fall on a ca. 35 mW/m(2) geotherm and are colder than the great majority of mantle xenoliths from similar depth in the same kimberlite. Our results indicate that cold cratonic conditions persisted for billions of years to at least 200 km in the local lithosphere. The composition of the mchr also indicates that at this depth the lithosphere was, at least locally, ultra-depleted at the time of diamond formation, as opposed to the melt-metasomatized, enriched composition of most xenoliths. Nature Publishing Group UK 2019-08-29 /pmc/articles/PMC6715805/ /pubmed/31467318 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-48778-x Text en © The Author(s) 2019 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
spellingShingle Article
Nestola, Fabrizio
Zaffiro, Gabriele
Mazzucchelli, Mattia L.
Nimis, Paolo
Andreozzi, Giovanni B.
Periotto, Benedetta
Princivalle, Francesco
Lenaz, Davide
Secco, Luciano
Pasqualetto, Leonardo
Logvinova, Alla M.
Sobolev, Nikolay V.
Lorenzetti, Alessandra
Harris, Jeffrey W.
Diamond-inclusion system recording old deep lithosphere conditions at Udachnaya (Siberia)
title Diamond-inclusion system recording old deep lithosphere conditions at Udachnaya (Siberia)
title_full Diamond-inclusion system recording old deep lithosphere conditions at Udachnaya (Siberia)
title_fullStr Diamond-inclusion system recording old deep lithosphere conditions at Udachnaya (Siberia)
title_full_unstemmed Diamond-inclusion system recording old deep lithosphere conditions at Udachnaya (Siberia)
title_short Diamond-inclusion system recording old deep lithosphere conditions at Udachnaya (Siberia)
title_sort diamond-inclusion system recording old deep lithosphere conditions at udachnaya (siberia)
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6715805/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31467318
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-48778-x
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