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Vitamin D and ω-3 Supplementations in Mediterranean Diet During the 1st Year of Overt Type 1 Diabetes: A Cohort Study
Vitamin D and omega 3 fatty acid (ω-3) co-supplementation potentially improves type 1 diabetes (T1D) by attenuating autoimmunity and counteracting inflammation. This cohort study, preliminary to a randomized control trial (RCT), is aimed at evaluating, in a series of T1D children assuming Mediterran...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6770446/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31505819 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11092158 |
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author | Cadario, Francesco Pozzi, Erica Rizzollo, Stefano Stracuzzi, Marta Beux, Sheila Giorgis, Alberto Carrera, Deborah Fullin, Fabiola Riso, Sergio Rizzo, Angela Maria Montorfano, Gigliola Bagnati, Marco Dianzani, Umberto Caimmi, Philippe Bona, Gianni Ricordi, Camillo |
author_facet | Cadario, Francesco Pozzi, Erica Rizzollo, Stefano Stracuzzi, Marta Beux, Sheila Giorgis, Alberto Carrera, Deborah Fullin, Fabiola Riso, Sergio Rizzo, Angela Maria Montorfano, Gigliola Bagnati, Marco Dianzani, Umberto Caimmi, Philippe Bona, Gianni Ricordi, Camillo |
author_sort | Cadario, Francesco |
collection | PubMed |
description | Vitamin D and omega 3 fatty acid (ω-3) co-supplementation potentially improves type 1 diabetes (T1D) by attenuating autoimmunity and counteracting inflammation. This cohort study, preliminary to a randomized control trial (RCT), is aimed at evaluating, in a series of T1D children assuming Mediterranean diet and an intake of cholecalciferol of 1000U/day from T1D onset, if ω-3 co-supplementation preserves the residual endogen insulin secretion (REIS). Therefore, the cohort of 22 “new onsets” of 2017 received ω-3 (eicosapentenoic acid (EPA) plus docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), 60 mg/kg/day), and were compared retrospectively vs. the 37 “previous onsets” without ω-3 supplementation. Glicosilated hemoglobin (HbA1c%), the daily insulin demand (IU/Kg/day) and IDAA1c, a composite index (calculated as IU/Kg/day × 4 + HbA1c%), as surrogates of REIS, were evaluated at recruitment (T0) and 12 months later (T12). In the ω-3 supplemented group, dietary intakes were evaluated at T0 and T12. As an outcome, a decreased insulin demand (p < 0.01), particularly as pre-meal boluses (p < 0.01), and IDAA1c (p < 0.01), were found in the ω-3 supplemented group, while HbA1c% was not significantly different. Diet analysis in the ω-3 supplemented group, at T12 vs. T0, highlighted that the intake of arachidonic acid (AA) decreased (p < 0.01). At T0, the AA intake was inversely correlated with HbA1c% (p < 0.05; r;. 0.411). In conclusion, the results suggest that vitamin D plus ω-3 co-supplementation as well as AA reduction in the Mediterranean diet display benefits for T1D children at onset and deserve further investigation. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6770446 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-67704462019-10-30 Vitamin D and ω-3 Supplementations in Mediterranean Diet During the 1st Year of Overt Type 1 Diabetes: A Cohort Study Cadario, Francesco Pozzi, Erica Rizzollo, Stefano Stracuzzi, Marta Beux, Sheila Giorgis, Alberto Carrera, Deborah Fullin, Fabiola Riso, Sergio Rizzo, Angela Maria Montorfano, Gigliola Bagnati, Marco Dianzani, Umberto Caimmi, Philippe Bona, Gianni Ricordi, Camillo Nutrients Article Vitamin D and omega 3 fatty acid (ω-3) co-supplementation potentially improves type 1 diabetes (T1D) by attenuating autoimmunity and counteracting inflammation. This cohort study, preliminary to a randomized control trial (RCT), is aimed at evaluating, in a series of T1D children assuming Mediterranean diet and an intake of cholecalciferol of 1000U/day from T1D onset, if ω-3 co-supplementation preserves the residual endogen insulin secretion (REIS). Therefore, the cohort of 22 “new onsets” of 2017 received ω-3 (eicosapentenoic acid (EPA) plus docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), 60 mg/kg/day), and were compared retrospectively vs. the 37 “previous onsets” without ω-3 supplementation. Glicosilated hemoglobin (HbA1c%), the daily insulin demand (IU/Kg/day) and IDAA1c, a composite index (calculated as IU/Kg/day × 4 + HbA1c%), as surrogates of REIS, were evaluated at recruitment (T0) and 12 months later (T12). In the ω-3 supplemented group, dietary intakes were evaluated at T0 and T12. As an outcome, a decreased insulin demand (p < 0.01), particularly as pre-meal boluses (p < 0.01), and IDAA1c (p < 0.01), were found in the ω-3 supplemented group, while HbA1c% was not significantly different. Diet analysis in the ω-3 supplemented group, at T12 vs. T0, highlighted that the intake of arachidonic acid (AA) decreased (p < 0.01). At T0, the AA intake was inversely correlated with HbA1c% (p < 0.05; r;. 0.411). In conclusion, the results suggest that vitamin D plus ω-3 co-supplementation as well as AA reduction in the Mediterranean diet display benefits for T1D children at onset and deserve further investigation. MDPI 2019-09-09 /pmc/articles/PMC6770446/ /pubmed/31505819 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11092158 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Cadario, Francesco Pozzi, Erica Rizzollo, Stefano Stracuzzi, Marta Beux, Sheila Giorgis, Alberto Carrera, Deborah Fullin, Fabiola Riso, Sergio Rizzo, Angela Maria Montorfano, Gigliola Bagnati, Marco Dianzani, Umberto Caimmi, Philippe Bona, Gianni Ricordi, Camillo Vitamin D and ω-3 Supplementations in Mediterranean Diet During the 1st Year of Overt Type 1 Diabetes: A Cohort Study |
title | Vitamin D and ω-3 Supplementations in Mediterranean Diet During the 1st Year of Overt Type 1 Diabetes: A Cohort Study |
title_full | Vitamin D and ω-3 Supplementations in Mediterranean Diet During the 1st Year of Overt Type 1 Diabetes: A Cohort Study |
title_fullStr | Vitamin D and ω-3 Supplementations in Mediterranean Diet During the 1st Year of Overt Type 1 Diabetes: A Cohort Study |
title_full_unstemmed | Vitamin D and ω-3 Supplementations in Mediterranean Diet During the 1st Year of Overt Type 1 Diabetes: A Cohort Study |
title_short | Vitamin D and ω-3 Supplementations in Mediterranean Diet During the 1st Year of Overt Type 1 Diabetes: A Cohort Study |
title_sort | vitamin d and ω-3 supplementations in mediterranean diet during the 1st year of overt type 1 diabetes: a cohort study |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6770446/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31505819 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11092158 |
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