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Evaluation of the impact of calorie labeling on McDonald’s restaurant menus: a natural experiment
BACKGROUND: The long-term effect of calorie labeling on fast-food purchases is unclear. McDonald’s voluntarily labeled its menus with calories in 2012, providing an opportunity to evaluate this initiative on purchases. METHODS: From 2010 to 2014, we collected receipts from and administered questionn...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6829981/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31684961 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12966-019-0865-7 |
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author | Petimar, Joshua Ramirez, Maricelle Rifas-Shiman, Sheryl L. Linakis, Stephanie Mullen, Jewel Roberto, Christina A. Block, Jason P. |
author_facet | Petimar, Joshua Ramirez, Maricelle Rifas-Shiman, Sheryl L. Linakis, Stephanie Mullen, Jewel Roberto, Christina A. Block, Jason P. |
author_sort | Petimar, Joshua |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: The long-term effect of calorie labeling on fast-food purchases is unclear. McDonald’s voluntarily labeled its menus with calories in 2012, providing an opportunity to evaluate this initiative on purchases. METHODS: From 2010 to 2014, we collected receipts from and administered questionnaires to 2971 adults, 2164 adolescents, and 447 parents/guardians of school-age children during repeated visits to 82 restaurants, including McDonald’s and five control chains that did not label menus over the study period in four New England cities. In 2018, we analyzed the data by using difference-in-differences analyses to estimate associations of calorie labeling with calories purchased (actual and estimated) and predicted probability of noticing calorie information on menus. RESULTS: Calorie labeling at McDonald’s was not associated with changes in calories purchased in adults (change = − 19 cal pre- vs. post-labeling at McDonald’s compared to control chains, 95% CI: − 112, 75), adolescents (change = − 49 cal, 95% CI: − 136, 38), or children (change = 13 cal, 95% CI: − 108, 135). Calorie labeling generally increased the predicted probability of noticing calorie information, but did not improve estimation of calories purchased. CONCLUSIONS: Calorie labeling at McDonald’s was not associated with changes in calories purchased in adults, adolescents, or children. Although participants were more likely to notice calories on menus post-labeling, there was no improvement in ability to accurately estimate calories purchased. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6829981 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-68299812019-11-08 Evaluation of the impact of calorie labeling on McDonald’s restaurant menus: a natural experiment Petimar, Joshua Ramirez, Maricelle Rifas-Shiman, Sheryl L. Linakis, Stephanie Mullen, Jewel Roberto, Christina A. Block, Jason P. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act Research BACKGROUND: The long-term effect of calorie labeling on fast-food purchases is unclear. McDonald’s voluntarily labeled its menus with calories in 2012, providing an opportunity to evaluate this initiative on purchases. METHODS: From 2010 to 2014, we collected receipts from and administered questionnaires to 2971 adults, 2164 adolescents, and 447 parents/guardians of school-age children during repeated visits to 82 restaurants, including McDonald’s and five control chains that did not label menus over the study period in four New England cities. In 2018, we analyzed the data by using difference-in-differences analyses to estimate associations of calorie labeling with calories purchased (actual and estimated) and predicted probability of noticing calorie information on menus. RESULTS: Calorie labeling at McDonald’s was not associated with changes in calories purchased in adults (change = − 19 cal pre- vs. post-labeling at McDonald’s compared to control chains, 95% CI: − 112, 75), adolescents (change = − 49 cal, 95% CI: − 136, 38), or children (change = 13 cal, 95% CI: − 108, 135). Calorie labeling generally increased the predicted probability of noticing calorie information, but did not improve estimation of calories purchased. CONCLUSIONS: Calorie labeling at McDonald’s was not associated with changes in calories purchased in adults, adolescents, or children. Although participants were more likely to notice calories on menus post-labeling, there was no improvement in ability to accurately estimate calories purchased. BioMed Central 2019-11-04 /pmc/articles/PMC6829981/ /pubmed/31684961 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12966-019-0865-7 Text en © The Author(s). 2019 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Research Petimar, Joshua Ramirez, Maricelle Rifas-Shiman, Sheryl L. Linakis, Stephanie Mullen, Jewel Roberto, Christina A. Block, Jason P. Evaluation of the impact of calorie labeling on McDonald’s restaurant menus: a natural experiment |
title | Evaluation of the impact of calorie labeling on McDonald’s restaurant menus: a natural experiment |
title_full | Evaluation of the impact of calorie labeling on McDonald’s restaurant menus: a natural experiment |
title_fullStr | Evaluation of the impact of calorie labeling on McDonald’s restaurant menus: a natural experiment |
title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of the impact of calorie labeling on McDonald’s restaurant menus: a natural experiment |
title_short | Evaluation of the impact of calorie labeling on McDonald’s restaurant menus: a natural experiment |
title_sort | evaluation of the impact of calorie labeling on mcdonald’s restaurant menus: a natural experiment |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6829981/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31684961 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12966-019-0865-7 |
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