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Design and Selection of Novel C1s Inhibitors by In Silico and In Vitro Approaches
The complement system is associated with various diseases such as inflammation or auto-immune diseases. Complement-targeted drugs could provide novel therapeutic intervention against the above diseases. C1s, a serine protease, plays an important role in the CS and could be an attractive target since...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6832932/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31600984 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24203641 |
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author | Szilágyi, Katalin Hajdú, István Flachner, Beáta Lőrincz, Zsolt Balczer, Júlia Gál, Péter Závodszky, Péter Pirli, Chiara Balogh, Balázs Mándity, István M. Cseh, Sándor Dormán, György |
author_facet | Szilágyi, Katalin Hajdú, István Flachner, Beáta Lőrincz, Zsolt Balczer, Júlia Gál, Péter Závodszky, Péter Pirli, Chiara Balogh, Balázs Mándity, István M. Cseh, Sándor Dormán, György |
author_sort | Szilágyi, Katalin |
collection | PubMed |
description | The complement system is associated with various diseases such as inflammation or auto-immune diseases. Complement-targeted drugs could provide novel therapeutic intervention against the above diseases. C1s, a serine protease, plays an important role in the CS and could be an attractive target since it blocks the system at an early stage of the complement cascade. Designing C1 inhibitors is particularly challenging since known inhibitors are restricted to a narrow bioactive chemical space in addition selectivity over other serine proteases is an important requirement. The typical architecture of a small molecule inhibitor of C1s contains an amidine (or guanidine) residue, however, the discovery of non-amidine inhibitors might have high value, particularly if novel chemotypes and/or compounds displaying improved selectivity are identified. We applied various virtual screening approaches to identify C1s focused libraries that lack the amidine/guanidine functionalities, then the in silico generated libraries were evaluated by in vitro biological assays. While 3D structure-based methods were not suitable for virtual screening of C1s inhibitors, and a 2D similarity search did not lead to novel chemotypes, pharmacophore model generation allowed us to identify two novel chemotypes with submicromolar activities. In three screening rounds we tested altogether 89 compounds and identified 20 hit compounds (<10 μM activities; overall hit rate: 22.5%). The highest activity determined was 12 nM (1,2,4-triazole), while for the newly identified chemotypes (1,3-benzoxazin-4-one and thieno[2,3-d][1,3]oxazin-4-one) it was 241 nM and 549 nM, respectively. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6832932 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-68329322019-11-25 Design and Selection of Novel C1s Inhibitors by In Silico and In Vitro Approaches Szilágyi, Katalin Hajdú, István Flachner, Beáta Lőrincz, Zsolt Balczer, Júlia Gál, Péter Závodszky, Péter Pirli, Chiara Balogh, Balázs Mándity, István M. Cseh, Sándor Dormán, György Molecules Article The complement system is associated with various diseases such as inflammation or auto-immune diseases. Complement-targeted drugs could provide novel therapeutic intervention against the above diseases. C1s, a serine protease, plays an important role in the CS and could be an attractive target since it blocks the system at an early stage of the complement cascade. Designing C1 inhibitors is particularly challenging since known inhibitors are restricted to a narrow bioactive chemical space in addition selectivity over other serine proteases is an important requirement. The typical architecture of a small molecule inhibitor of C1s contains an amidine (or guanidine) residue, however, the discovery of non-amidine inhibitors might have high value, particularly if novel chemotypes and/or compounds displaying improved selectivity are identified. We applied various virtual screening approaches to identify C1s focused libraries that lack the amidine/guanidine functionalities, then the in silico generated libraries were evaluated by in vitro biological assays. While 3D structure-based methods were not suitable for virtual screening of C1s inhibitors, and a 2D similarity search did not lead to novel chemotypes, pharmacophore model generation allowed us to identify two novel chemotypes with submicromolar activities. In three screening rounds we tested altogether 89 compounds and identified 20 hit compounds (<10 μM activities; overall hit rate: 22.5%). The highest activity determined was 12 nM (1,2,4-triazole), while for the newly identified chemotypes (1,3-benzoxazin-4-one and thieno[2,3-d][1,3]oxazin-4-one) it was 241 nM and 549 nM, respectively. MDPI 2019-10-09 /pmc/articles/PMC6832932/ /pubmed/31600984 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24203641 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Szilágyi, Katalin Hajdú, István Flachner, Beáta Lőrincz, Zsolt Balczer, Júlia Gál, Péter Závodszky, Péter Pirli, Chiara Balogh, Balázs Mándity, István M. Cseh, Sándor Dormán, György Design and Selection of Novel C1s Inhibitors by In Silico and In Vitro Approaches |
title | Design and Selection of Novel C1s Inhibitors by In Silico and In Vitro Approaches |
title_full | Design and Selection of Novel C1s Inhibitors by In Silico and In Vitro Approaches |
title_fullStr | Design and Selection of Novel C1s Inhibitors by In Silico and In Vitro Approaches |
title_full_unstemmed | Design and Selection of Novel C1s Inhibitors by In Silico and In Vitro Approaches |
title_short | Design and Selection of Novel C1s Inhibitors by In Silico and In Vitro Approaches |
title_sort | design and selection of novel c1s inhibitors by in silico and in vitro approaches |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6832932/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31600984 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24203641 |
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