Cargando…

Sodium Intake from Foods Exceeds Recommended Limits in the Spanish Population: The ANIBES Study

Excessive sodium consumption is associated with adverse health effects. An elevated dietary intake of salt (sodium chloride) has been related to high blood pressure or hypertension, a major but modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease, as well as to other ill health conditions. In the prese...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Partearroyo, Teresa, Samaniego-Vaesken, Mª de Lourdes, Ruiz, Emma, Aranceta-Bartrina, Javier, Gil, Ángel, González-Gross, Marcela, Ortega, Rosa M., Serra-Majem, Lluis, Varela-Moreiras, Gregorio
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6835313/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31615065
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11102451
_version_ 1783466642793037824
author Partearroyo, Teresa
Samaniego-Vaesken, Mª de Lourdes
Ruiz, Emma
Aranceta-Bartrina, Javier
Gil, Ángel
González-Gross, Marcela
Ortega, Rosa M.
Serra-Majem, Lluis
Varela-Moreiras, Gregorio
author_facet Partearroyo, Teresa
Samaniego-Vaesken, Mª de Lourdes
Ruiz, Emma
Aranceta-Bartrina, Javier
Gil, Ángel
González-Gross, Marcela
Ortega, Rosa M.
Serra-Majem, Lluis
Varela-Moreiras, Gregorio
author_sort Partearroyo, Teresa
collection PubMed
description Excessive sodium consumption is associated with adverse health effects. An elevated dietary intake of salt (sodium chloride) has been related to high blood pressure or hypertension, a major but modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease, as well as to other ill health conditions. In the present work, our aim was to describe the contribution of foods to sodium consumption within the Spanish population in a representative sample from the “anthropometric data, macronutrients and micronutrients intake, practice of physical activity, socioeconomic data and lifestyles in Spain” (ANIBES) study (9–75 years), to identify high consumer groups, as well as the major food groups that contribute to sodium intake in the Spanish diet. Intakes were assessed by 3-day food records collected on a tablet device. Sodium intakes across the ANIBES study population exceeded recommendations, as total intakes reached 2025 ± 805 mg of sodium per day, that is approximately 5.06 g/day of salt (excluding discretionary salt, added at the table or during cooking). Sodium intakes were higher in males than in females and within the youngest groups. Main dietary sources of sodium were meat and meat products (27%), cereals and grains (26%), milk and dairy products (14%) and ready-to-eat meals (13%). Given the established health benefits of dietary salt reduction, it would be advisable to continue and even improve the current national initiatives of awareness and educational campaigns and particularly food reformulation to decrease overall salt intakes across the Spanish population.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-6835313
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2019
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-68353132019-11-25 Sodium Intake from Foods Exceeds Recommended Limits in the Spanish Population: The ANIBES Study Partearroyo, Teresa Samaniego-Vaesken, Mª de Lourdes Ruiz, Emma Aranceta-Bartrina, Javier Gil, Ángel González-Gross, Marcela Ortega, Rosa M. Serra-Majem, Lluis Varela-Moreiras, Gregorio Nutrients Article Excessive sodium consumption is associated with adverse health effects. An elevated dietary intake of salt (sodium chloride) has been related to high blood pressure or hypertension, a major but modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease, as well as to other ill health conditions. In the present work, our aim was to describe the contribution of foods to sodium consumption within the Spanish population in a representative sample from the “anthropometric data, macronutrients and micronutrients intake, practice of physical activity, socioeconomic data and lifestyles in Spain” (ANIBES) study (9–75 years), to identify high consumer groups, as well as the major food groups that contribute to sodium intake in the Spanish diet. Intakes were assessed by 3-day food records collected on a tablet device. Sodium intakes across the ANIBES study population exceeded recommendations, as total intakes reached 2025 ± 805 mg of sodium per day, that is approximately 5.06 g/day of salt (excluding discretionary salt, added at the table or during cooking). Sodium intakes were higher in males than in females and within the youngest groups. Main dietary sources of sodium were meat and meat products (27%), cereals and grains (26%), milk and dairy products (14%) and ready-to-eat meals (13%). Given the established health benefits of dietary salt reduction, it would be advisable to continue and even improve the current national initiatives of awareness and educational campaigns and particularly food reformulation to decrease overall salt intakes across the Spanish population. MDPI 2019-10-14 /pmc/articles/PMC6835313/ /pubmed/31615065 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11102451 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Partearroyo, Teresa
Samaniego-Vaesken, Mª de Lourdes
Ruiz, Emma
Aranceta-Bartrina, Javier
Gil, Ángel
González-Gross, Marcela
Ortega, Rosa M.
Serra-Majem, Lluis
Varela-Moreiras, Gregorio
Sodium Intake from Foods Exceeds Recommended Limits in the Spanish Population: The ANIBES Study
title Sodium Intake from Foods Exceeds Recommended Limits in the Spanish Population: The ANIBES Study
title_full Sodium Intake from Foods Exceeds Recommended Limits in the Spanish Population: The ANIBES Study
title_fullStr Sodium Intake from Foods Exceeds Recommended Limits in the Spanish Population: The ANIBES Study
title_full_unstemmed Sodium Intake from Foods Exceeds Recommended Limits in the Spanish Population: The ANIBES Study
title_short Sodium Intake from Foods Exceeds Recommended Limits in the Spanish Population: The ANIBES Study
title_sort sodium intake from foods exceeds recommended limits in the spanish population: the anibes study
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6835313/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31615065
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11102451
work_keys_str_mv AT partearroyoteresa sodiumintakefromfoodsexceedsrecommendedlimitsinthespanishpopulationtheanibesstudy
AT samaniegovaeskenmadelourdes sodiumintakefromfoodsexceedsrecommendedlimitsinthespanishpopulationtheanibesstudy
AT ruizemma sodiumintakefromfoodsexceedsrecommendedlimitsinthespanishpopulationtheanibesstudy
AT arancetabartrinajavier sodiumintakefromfoodsexceedsrecommendedlimitsinthespanishpopulationtheanibesstudy
AT gilangel sodiumintakefromfoodsexceedsrecommendedlimitsinthespanishpopulationtheanibesstudy
AT gonzalezgrossmarcela sodiumintakefromfoodsexceedsrecommendedlimitsinthespanishpopulationtheanibesstudy
AT ortegarosam sodiumintakefromfoodsexceedsrecommendedlimitsinthespanishpopulationtheanibesstudy
AT serramajemlluis sodiumintakefromfoodsexceedsrecommendedlimitsinthespanishpopulationtheanibesstudy
AT varelamoreirasgregorio sodiumintakefromfoodsexceedsrecommendedlimitsinthespanishpopulationtheanibesstudy