A robust multi-objective optimization framework to capture both cellular and intercellular properties in cardiac cellular model tuning: Analyzing different regions of membrane resistance profile in parameter fitting

Mathematical models of cardiac cells have been established to broaden understanding of cardiac function. In the process of developing electrophysiological models for cardiac myocytes, precise parameter tuning is a crucial step. The membrane resistance (R(m)) is an essential feature obtained from cardiac myocytes. This feature reflects intercellular coupling and affects important phenomena, such as conduction velocity, and early after-depolarizations, but it is often overlooked during the phase of parameter fitting. Thus, the traditional parameter fitting that only includes action potential (AP) waveform may yield incorrect values for R(m). In this paper, a novel multi-objective parameter fitting formulation is proposed and tested that includes different regions of the R(m) profile as additional objective functions for optimization. As R(m) depends on the transmembrane voltage (V(m)) and exhibits singularities for some specific values of V(m), analyses are conducted to carefully select the regions of interest for the proper characterization of R(m). Non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II is utilized to solve the proposed multi-objective optimization problem. To verify the efficacy of the proposed problem formulation, case studies and comparisons are carried out using multiple models of human cardiac ventricular cells. Results demonstrate R(m) is correctly reproduced by the tuned cell models after considering the curve of R(m) obtained from the late phase of repolarization and R(m) value calculated in the rest phase as additional objectives. However, relative deterioration of the AP fit is observed, demonstrating trade-off among the objectives. This framework can be useful for a wide range of applications, including the parameters fitting phase of the cardiac cell model development and investigation of normal and pathological scenarios in which reproducing both cellular and intercellular properties are of great importance.