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Cell-to-Cell Spreading of HIV-1 in Myeloid Target Cells Escapes SAMHD1 Restriction
Dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages as well as osteoclasts (OCs) are emerging as target cells of HIV-1 involved in virus transmission, dissemination, and establishment of persistent tissue virus reservoirs. While these myeloid cells are poorly infected by cell-free viruses because of the high expr...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
American Society for Microbiology
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6867896/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31744918 http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mBio.02457-19 |
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author | Xie, Maorong Leroy, Héloïse Mascarau, Rémi Woottum, Marie Dupont, Maeva Ciccone, Camille Schmitt, Alain Raynaud-Messina, Brigitte Vérollet, Christel Bouchet, Jérôme Bracq, Lucie Benichou, Serge |
author_facet | Xie, Maorong Leroy, Héloïse Mascarau, Rémi Woottum, Marie Dupont, Maeva Ciccone, Camille Schmitt, Alain Raynaud-Messina, Brigitte Vérollet, Christel Bouchet, Jérôme Bracq, Lucie Benichou, Serge |
author_sort | Xie, Maorong |
collection | PubMed |
description | Dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages as well as osteoclasts (OCs) are emerging as target cells of HIV-1 involved in virus transmission, dissemination, and establishment of persistent tissue virus reservoirs. While these myeloid cells are poorly infected by cell-free viruses because of the high expression levels of cellular restriction factors such as SAMHD1, we show here that HIV-1 uses a specific and common cell-to-cell fusion mechanism for virus transfer and dissemination from infected T lymphocytes to the target cells of the myeloid lineage, including immature DCs (iDCs), OCs, and macrophages, but not monocytes and mature DCs. The establishment of contacts with infected T cells leads to heterotypic cell fusion for the fast and massive transfer of viral material into OC and iDC targets, which subsequently triggers homotypic fusion with noninfected neighboring OCs and iDCs for virus dissemination. These two cell-to-cell fusion processes are not restricted by SAMHD1 and allow very efficient spreading of virus in myeloid cells, resulting in the formation of highly virus-productive multinucleated giant cells. These results reveal the cellular mechanism for SAMHD1-independent cell-to-cell spreading of HIV-1 in myeloid cell targets through the formation of the infected multinucleated giant cells observed in vivo in lymphoid and nonlymphoid tissues of HIV-1-infected patients. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6867896 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | American Society for Microbiology |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-68678962019-12-03 Cell-to-Cell Spreading of HIV-1 in Myeloid Target Cells Escapes SAMHD1 Restriction Xie, Maorong Leroy, Héloïse Mascarau, Rémi Woottum, Marie Dupont, Maeva Ciccone, Camille Schmitt, Alain Raynaud-Messina, Brigitte Vérollet, Christel Bouchet, Jérôme Bracq, Lucie Benichou, Serge mBio Research Article Dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages as well as osteoclasts (OCs) are emerging as target cells of HIV-1 involved in virus transmission, dissemination, and establishment of persistent tissue virus reservoirs. While these myeloid cells are poorly infected by cell-free viruses because of the high expression levels of cellular restriction factors such as SAMHD1, we show here that HIV-1 uses a specific and common cell-to-cell fusion mechanism for virus transfer and dissemination from infected T lymphocytes to the target cells of the myeloid lineage, including immature DCs (iDCs), OCs, and macrophages, but not monocytes and mature DCs. The establishment of contacts with infected T cells leads to heterotypic cell fusion for the fast and massive transfer of viral material into OC and iDC targets, which subsequently triggers homotypic fusion with noninfected neighboring OCs and iDCs for virus dissemination. These two cell-to-cell fusion processes are not restricted by SAMHD1 and allow very efficient spreading of virus in myeloid cells, resulting in the formation of highly virus-productive multinucleated giant cells. These results reveal the cellular mechanism for SAMHD1-independent cell-to-cell spreading of HIV-1 in myeloid cell targets through the formation of the infected multinucleated giant cells observed in vivo in lymphoid and nonlymphoid tissues of HIV-1-infected patients. American Society for Microbiology 2019-11-19 /pmc/articles/PMC6867896/ /pubmed/31744918 http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mBio.02457-19 Text en Copyright © 2019 Xie et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Research Article Xie, Maorong Leroy, Héloïse Mascarau, Rémi Woottum, Marie Dupont, Maeva Ciccone, Camille Schmitt, Alain Raynaud-Messina, Brigitte Vérollet, Christel Bouchet, Jérôme Bracq, Lucie Benichou, Serge Cell-to-Cell Spreading of HIV-1 in Myeloid Target Cells Escapes SAMHD1 Restriction |
title | Cell-to-Cell Spreading of HIV-1 in Myeloid Target Cells Escapes SAMHD1 Restriction |
title_full | Cell-to-Cell Spreading of HIV-1 in Myeloid Target Cells Escapes SAMHD1 Restriction |
title_fullStr | Cell-to-Cell Spreading of HIV-1 in Myeloid Target Cells Escapes SAMHD1 Restriction |
title_full_unstemmed | Cell-to-Cell Spreading of HIV-1 in Myeloid Target Cells Escapes SAMHD1 Restriction |
title_short | Cell-to-Cell Spreading of HIV-1 in Myeloid Target Cells Escapes SAMHD1 Restriction |
title_sort | cell-to-cell spreading of hiv-1 in myeloid target cells escapes samhd1 restriction |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6867896/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31744918 http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mBio.02457-19 |
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