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Carboxypeptidase E-∆N Promotes Proliferation and Invasion of Pancreatic Cancer Cells via Upregulation of CXCR2 Gene Expression
Pancreatic cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide. The molecular basis for the pathogenesis of this disease remains elusive. In this study, we have investigated the role of wild-type Carboxypeptidase E (CPE-WT) and a 40 kDa N-terminal truncated isoform, CPE-ΔN in p...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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MDPI
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6888591/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31731578 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20225725 |
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author | Hareendran, Sangeetha Yang, Xuyu Lou, Hong Xiao, Lan Loh, Y. Peng |
author_facet | Hareendran, Sangeetha Yang, Xuyu Lou, Hong Xiao, Lan Loh, Y. Peng |
author_sort | Hareendran, Sangeetha |
collection | PubMed |
description | Pancreatic cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide. The molecular basis for the pathogenesis of this disease remains elusive. In this study, we have investigated the role of wild-type Carboxypeptidase E (CPE-WT) and a 40 kDa N-terminal truncated isoform, CPE-ΔN in promoting proliferation and invasion of Panc-1 cells, a pancreatic cancer cell line. Both CPE-WT and CPE-ΔN were expressed in Panc-1 and BXPC-3 pancreatic cancer cells. Immunocytochemical studies revealed that in CPE transfected Panc-1 cells, CPE-ΔN was found primarily in the nucleus, whereas CPE-WT was present exclusively in the cytoplasm as puncta, characteristic of secretory vesicles. Endogenous CPE-WT was secreted into the media. Overexpression of CPE-ΔN in Panc-1 cells resulted in enhancement of proliferation and invasion of these cells, as determined by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) cell proliferation assay and Matrigel invasion assay, respectively. In contrast, the expression of CPE-WT protein at comparable levels to CPE-ΔN in Panc-1 cells resulted in promotion of proliferation but not invasion. Importantly, there was an upregulation of the expression of CXCR2 mRNA and protein in Panc-1 cells overexpressing CPE-ΔN, and these cells exhibited significant increase in proliferation in a CXCR2-dependent manner. Thus, CPE-ΔN may play an important role in promoting pancreatic cancer growth and malignancy through upregulating the expression of the metastasis-related gene, CXCR2. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6888591 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-68885912019-12-09 Carboxypeptidase E-∆N Promotes Proliferation and Invasion of Pancreatic Cancer Cells via Upregulation of CXCR2 Gene Expression Hareendran, Sangeetha Yang, Xuyu Lou, Hong Xiao, Lan Loh, Y. Peng Int J Mol Sci Communication Pancreatic cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide. The molecular basis for the pathogenesis of this disease remains elusive. In this study, we have investigated the role of wild-type Carboxypeptidase E (CPE-WT) and a 40 kDa N-terminal truncated isoform, CPE-ΔN in promoting proliferation and invasion of Panc-1 cells, a pancreatic cancer cell line. Both CPE-WT and CPE-ΔN were expressed in Panc-1 and BXPC-3 pancreatic cancer cells. Immunocytochemical studies revealed that in CPE transfected Panc-1 cells, CPE-ΔN was found primarily in the nucleus, whereas CPE-WT was present exclusively in the cytoplasm as puncta, characteristic of secretory vesicles. Endogenous CPE-WT was secreted into the media. Overexpression of CPE-ΔN in Panc-1 cells resulted in enhancement of proliferation and invasion of these cells, as determined by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) cell proliferation assay and Matrigel invasion assay, respectively. In contrast, the expression of CPE-WT protein at comparable levels to CPE-ΔN in Panc-1 cells resulted in promotion of proliferation but not invasion. Importantly, there was an upregulation of the expression of CXCR2 mRNA and protein in Panc-1 cells overexpressing CPE-ΔN, and these cells exhibited significant increase in proliferation in a CXCR2-dependent manner. Thus, CPE-ΔN may play an important role in promoting pancreatic cancer growth and malignancy through upregulating the expression of the metastasis-related gene, CXCR2. MDPI 2019-11-15 /pmc/articles/PMC6888591/ /pubmed/31731578 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20225725 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Communication Hareendran, Sangeetha Yang, Xuyu Lou, Hong Xiao, Lan Loh, Y. Peng Carboxypeptidase E-∆N Promotes Proliferation and Invasion of Pancreatic Cancer Cells via Upregulation of CXCR2 Gene Expression |
title | Carboxypeptidase E-∆N Promotes Proliferation and Invasion of Pancreatic Cancer Cells via Upregulation of CXCR2 Gene Expression |
title_full | Carboxypeptidase E-∆N Promotes Proliferation and Invasion of Pancreatic Cancer Cells via Upregulation of CXCR2 Gene Expression |
title_fullStr | Carboxypeptidase E-∆N Promotes Proliferation and Invasion of Pancreatic Cancer Cells via Upregulation of CXCR2 Gene Expression |
title_full_unstemmed | Carboxypeptidase E-∆N Promotes Proliferation and Invasion of Pancreatic Cancer Cells via Upregulation of CXCR2 Gene Expression |
title_short | Carboxypeptidase E-∆N Promotes Proliferation and Invasion of Pancreatic Cancer Cells via Upregulation of CXCR2 Gene Expression |
title_sort | carboxypeptidase e-∆n promotes proliferation and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells via upregulation of cxcr2 gene expression |
topic | Communication |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6888591/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31731578 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20225725 |
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