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Intracellular Ca(2+) Concentration and Phosphatidylserine Exposure in Healthy Human Erythrocytes in Dependence on in vivo Cell Age

After about 120 days of circulation in the blood stream, erythrocytes are cleared by macrophages in the spleen and the liver. The “eat me” signal of this event is thought to be the translocation of phosphatidylserine from the inner to the outer membrane leaflet due to activation of the scramblase, w...

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Autores principales: Bernhardt, Ingolf, Nguyen, Duc Bach, Wesseling, Mauro C., Kaestner, Lars
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6965055/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31998145
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2019.01629
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author Bernhardt, Ingolf
Nguyen, Duc Bach
Wesseling, Mauro C.
Kaestner, Lars
author_facet Bernhardt, Ingolf
Nguyen, Duc Bach
Wesseling, Mauro C.
Kaestner, Lars
author_sort Bernhardt, Ingolf
collection PubMed
description After about 120 days of circulation in the blood stream, erythrocytes are cleared by macrophages in the spleen and the liver. The “eat me” signal of this event is thought to be the translocation of phosphatidylserine from the inner to the outer membrane leaflet due to activation of the scramblase, while the flippase is inactivated. Both processes are triggered by an increased intracellular Ca(2+) concentration. Although this is not the only mechanism involved in erythrocyte clearance, in this minireview, we focus on the following questions: Is the intracellular-free Ca(2+) concentration and hence phosphatidylserine exposure dependent on the erythrocyte age, i.e. is the Ca(2+) concentration, progressively raising during the erythrocyte aging in vivo? Can putative differences in intracellular Ca(2+) and exposure of phosphatidylserine to the outer membrane leaflet be measured in age separated cell populations? Literature research revealed less than dozen of such publications with vastly contradicting results for the Ca(2+) concentrations but consistency for a lack of change for the phosphatidylserine exposure. Additionally, we performed reanalysis of published data resulting in an ostensive illustration of the situation described above. Relating these results to erythrocyte physiology and biochemistry, we can conclude that the variation of the intracellular free Ca(2+) concentration is limited with 10 μM as the upper level of the concentration. Furthermore, we propose the hypothesis that variations in measured Ca(2+) concentrations may to a large extent depend on the experimental conditions applied but reflect a putatively changed Ca(2+) susceptibility of erythrocytes in dependence of in vivo cell age.
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spelling pubmed-69650552020-01-29 Intracellular Ca(2+) Concentration and Phosphatidylserine Exposure in Healthy Human Erythrocytes in Dependence on in vivo Cell Age Bernhardt, Ingolf Nguyen, Duc Bach Wesseling, Mauro C. Kaestner, Lars Front Physiol Physiology After about 120 days of circulation in the blood stream, erythrocytes are cleared by macrophages in the spleen and the liver. The “eat me” signal of this event is thought to be the translocation of phosphatidylserine from the inner to the outer membrane leaflet due to activation of the scramblase, while the flippase is inactivated. Both processes are triggered by an increased intracellular Ca(2+) concentration. Although this is not the only mechanism involved in erythrocyte clearance, in this minireview, we focus on the following questions: Is the intracellular-free Ca(2+) concentration and hence phosphatidylserine exposure dependent on the erythrocyte age, i.e. is the Ca(2+) concentration, progressively raising during the erythrocyte aging in vivo? Can putative differences in intracellular Ca(2+) and exposure of phosphatidylserine to the outer membrane leaflet be measured in age separated cell populations? Literature research revealed less than dozen of such publications with vastly contradicting results for the Ca(2+) concentrations but consistency for a lack of change for the phosphatidylserine exposure. Additionally, we performed reanalysis of published data resulting in an ostensive illustration of the situation described above. Relating these results to erythrocyte physiology and biochemistry, we can conclude that the variation of the intracellular free Ca(2+) concentration is limited with 10 μM as the upper level of the concentration. Furthermore, we propose the hypothesis that variations in measured Ca(2+) concentrations may to a large extent depend on the experimental conditions applied but reflect a putatively changed Ca(2+) susceptibility of erythrocytes in dependence of in vivo cell age. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-01-10 /pmc/articles/PMC6965055/ /pubmed/31998145 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2019.01629 Text en Copyright © 2020 Bernhardt, Nguyen, Wesseling and Kaestner. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Physiology
Bernhardt, Ingolf
Nguyen, Duc Bach
Wesseling, Mauro C.
Kaestner, Lars
Intracellular Ca(2+) Concentration and Phosphatidylserine Exposure in Healthy Human Erythrocytes in Dependence on in vivo Cell Age
title Intracellular Ca(2+) Concentration and Phosphatidylserine Exposure in Healthy Human Erythrocytes in Dependence on in vivo Cell Age
title_full Intracellular Ca(2+) Concentration and Phosphatidylserine Exposure in Healthy Human Erythrocytes in Dependence on in vivo Cell Age
title_fullStr Intracellular Ca(2+) Concentration and Phosphatidylserine Exposure in Healthy Human Erythrocytes in Dependence on in vivo Cell Age
title_full_unstemmed Intracellular Ca(2+) Concentration and Phosphatidylserine Exposure in Healthy Human Erythrocytes in Dependence on in vivo Cell Age
title_short Intracellular Ca(2+) Concentration and Phosphatidylserine Exposure in Healthy Human Erythrocytes in Dependence on in vivo Cell Age
title_sort intracellular ca(2+) concentration and phosphatidylserine exposure in healthy human erythrocytes in dependence on in vivo cell age
topic Physiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6965055/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31998145
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2019.01629
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