Contribution of genetic polymorphism of methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase on the effect of methotrexate in ectopic pregnancy patients

BACKGROUND: Methotrexate (MTX) is the prior drug in ectopic pregnancy (EP). However, approximately 10% of patients suffer from failure by MTX therapy. Reduced folate carrier 1 (RFC1), methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), and dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) are involved in the transport and effects of MTX in vivo. In the present study, we aim to investigate the relationship between the genetic polymorphisms of RFC1, MTHFR, and DHFR and the clinical efficacy of MTX in tubal pregnancies. METHODS: 100 patients of EP were enrolled in this study. Polymorphisms of RFC1 G80A, MTHFR C677T, and DHFR A‐317G were genotyped. β‐hCG level was detected in day 0, 4, and 7 after MTX injection. Association of MTX efficacy and genetic polymorphisms was analyzed. RESULTS: Methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase C677T was associated with MTX treatment (P = .017). The success rate of first MTX injection was superior in patients with harboring mutation allele of MTHFR gene than that in patients with wild‐type gene (P = .001). However, there was no significant association between the polymorphisms of RFC1 G80A, DHFR A‐317G, and surgical treatment (P = .709 and .476, respectively). In addition, β‐hCG level decrement was not significantly changed by MTX injection with different polymorphisms of RFC1, MTHFR, and DHFR on either day 4 (P = .214, 0.197 and 0.270, respectively) or day 7 (P = .172, .554, and .726, respectively). CONCLUSION: Our results suggested that the reliable indicator was polymorphism of MTHFR C677T in failure by MTX injection.