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Phlobaphenes modify pericarp thickness in maize and accumulation of the fumonisin mycotoxins

Phlobaphenes are insoluble phenolic compounds which are accumulated in a limited number of tissues such as seed pericarp and cob glumes, conferring on them a typical red-brown pigmentation. These secondary metabolites, derived from 3-deoxy flavonoids, are thought to have an important role in plants’...

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Autores principales: Landoni, Michela, Puglisi, Daniel, Cassani, Elena, Borlini, Giulia, Brunoldi, Gloria, Comaschi, Camilla, Pilu, Roberto
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6989515/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31996735
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-58341-8
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author Landoni, Michela
Puglisi, Daniel
Cassani, Elena
Borlini, Giulia
Brunoldi, Gloria
Comaschi, Camilla
Pilu, Roberto
author_facet Landoni, Michela
Puglisi, Daniel
Cassani, Elena
Borlini, Giulia
Brunoldi, Gloria
Comaschi, Camilla
Pilu, Roberto
author_sort Landoni, Michela
collection PubMed
description Phlobaphenes are insoluble phenolic compounds which are accumulated in a limited number of tissues such as seed pericarp and cob glumes, conferring on them a typical red-brown pigmentation. These secondary metabolites, derived from 3-deoxy flavonoids, are thought to have an important role in plants’ resistance against various pathogens, e.g. by reducing fungal infection, and also to have beneficial effects on human and animal health due to their high antioxidant power. The aim of this work was to determine the role of phlobaphenes in reducing mycotoxin contamination on maize kernels. We analysed the effect of the P1 (pericarp color 1) gene on phlobaphenes accumulation, pericarp thickness and fumonisins accumulation. Analysing fumonisins accumulation in different genetic backgrounds through three seasons, we found a clear decrease of these toxins through the three years (Wilcoxon test, Z = 2.2, p = 0.0277) in coloured lines compared with the isogenic non-coloured ones. The coloured lines, carrying P1 allele showed an increase of phlobaphenes (about 10–14 fold) with respect to colourless lines. Furthermore there was a correlation between phlobaphenes accumulation and pericarp thickness (R = 0.9318; p = 0.0067). Taken together, these results suggest that the P1 gene plays a central role in regulating phlobaphenes accumulation in maize kernels, and indirectly, also tackles mycotoxins accumulation. The development and cultivation of corn varieties rich in phlobaphenes could be a powerful tool to reduce the loss of both quality and yield due to mycotoxin contamination, increasing the safety and the quality of the maize product.
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spelling pubmed-69895152020-02-05 Phlobaphenes modify pericarp thickness in maize and accumulation of the fumonisin mycotoxins Landoni, Michela Puglisi, Daniel Cassani, Elena Borlini, Giulia Brunoldi, Gloria Comaschi, Camilla Pilu, Roberto Sci Rep Article Phlobaphenes are insoluble phenolic compounds which are accumulated in a limited number of tissues such as seed pericarp and cob glumes, conferring on them a typical red-brown pigmentation. These secondary metabolites, derived from 3-deoxy flavonoids, are thought to have an important role in plants’ resistance against various pathogens, e.g. by reducing fungal infection, and also to have beneficial effects on human and animal health due to their high antioxidant power. The aim of this work was to determine the role of phlobaphenes in reducing mycotoxin contamination on maize kernels. We analysed the effect of the P1 (pericarp color 1) gene on phlobaphenes accumulation, pericarp thickness and fumonisins accumulation. Analysing fumonisins accumulation in different genetic backgrounds through three seasons, we found a clear decrease of these toxins through the three years (Wilcoxon test, Z = 2.2, p = 0.0277) in coloured lines compared with the isogenic non-coloured ones. The coloured lines, carrying P1 allele showed an increase of phlobaphenes (about 10–14 fold) with respect to colourless lines. Furthermore there was a correlation between phlobaphenes accumulation and pericarp thickness (R = 0.9318; p = 0.0067). Taken together, these results suggest that the P1 gene plays a central role in regulating phlobaphenes accumulation in maize kernels, and indirectly, also tackles mycotoxins accumulation. The development and cultivation of corn varieties rich in phlobaphenes could be a powerful tool to reduce the loss of both quality and yield due to mycotoxin contamination, increasing the safety and the quality of the maize product. Nature Publishing Group UK 2020-01-29 /pmc/articles/PMC6989515/ /pubmed/31996735 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-58341-8 Text en © The Author(s) 2020 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
spellingShingle Article
Landoni, Michela
Puglisi, Daniel
Cassani, Elena
Borlini, Giulia
Brunoldi, Gloria
Comaschi, Camilla
Pilu, Roberto
Phlobaphenes modify pericarp thickness in maize and accumulation of the fumonisin mycotoxins
title Phlobaphenes modify pericarp thickness in maize and accumulation of the fumonisin mycotoxins
title_full Phlobaphenes modify pericarp thickness in maize and accumulation of the fumonisin mycotoxins
title_fullStr Phlobaphenes modify pericarp thickness in maize and accumulation of the fumonisin mycotoxins
title_full_unstemmed Phlobaphenes modify pericarp thickness in maize and accumulation of the fumonisin mycotoxins
title_short Phlobaphenes modify pericarp thickness in maize and accumulation of the fumonisin mycotoxins
title_sort phlobaphenes modify pericarp thickness in maize and accumulation of the fumonisin mycotoxins
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6989515/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31996735
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-58341-8
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