Cargando…
Anti-Obesity Effect of Ginkgo Vinegar, a Fermented Product of Ginkgo Seed Coat, in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet and 3T3-L1 Preadipocyte Cells
Ginkgo seed coat is rarely used and is typically discarded, due to its offensive odor and its toxicity. Ginkgo vinegar is a fermented product of ginkgo seed coat, and fermentation removes the bad smell and most of the toxicity. Thus, ginkgo vinegar contains very low concentrations of toxic component...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7019924/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31963184 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12010230 |
_version_ | 1783497631565086720 |
---|---|
author | Hosoda, Shugo Kawazoe, Yumi Shiba, Toshikazu Numazawa, Satoshi Manabe, Atsufumi |
author_facet | Hosoda, Shugo Kawazoe, Yumi Shiba, Toshikazu Numazawa, Satoshi Manabe, Atsufumi |
author_sort | Hosoda, Shugo |
collection | PubMed |
description | Ginkgo seed coat is rarely used and is typically discarded, due to its offensive odor and its toxicity. Ginkgo vinegar is a fermented product of ginkgo seed coat, and fermentation removes the bad smell and most of the toxicity. Thus, ginkgo vinegar contains very low concentrations of toxic components. The present study examined the anti-obesity effect of ginkgo vinegar in mice fed a high-fat diet and its inhibition of adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells. Ginkgo vinegar suppressed high-fat diet-induced body weight gain and reduced the size of fat cells in mice. Ginkgo vinegar suppressed the expression of C/EBPδ and PPARγ, key proteins in adipogenesis, and inhibited lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells that were induced to become adipocytes. These results suggested that ginkgo vinegar inhibited adipocyte differentiation. On the other hand, a corresponding concentration of acetic acid had significantly less effect on lipid accumulation and virtually no effect on adipogenic gene expression. These results suggested that, similar to Ginkgo biloba extract, ginkgo vinegar might prevent and improve adiposity. Therefore, ginkgo seed coat could be a useful material for medicinal ingredients. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7019924 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-70199242020-03-09 Anti-Obesity Effect of Ginkgo Vinegar, a Fermented Product of Ginkgo Seed Coat, in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet and 3T3-L1 Preadipocyte Cells Hosoda, Shugo Kawazoe, Yumi Shiba, Toshikazu Numazawa, Satoshi Manabe, Atsufumi Nutrients Article Ginkgo seed coat is rarely used and is typically discarded, due to its offensive odor and its toxicity. Ginkgo vinegar is a fermented product of ginkgo seed coat, and fermentation removes the bad smell and most of the toxicity. Thus, ginkgo vinegar contains very low concentrations of toxic components. The present study examined the anti-obesity effect of ginkgo vinegar in mice fed a high-fat diet and its inhibition of adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells. Ginkgo vinegar suppressed high-fat diet-induced body weight gain and reduced the size of fat cells in mice. Ginkgo vinegar suppressed the expression of C/EBPδ and PPARγ, key proteins in adipogenesis, and inhibited lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells that were induced to become adipocytes. These results suggested that ginkgo vinegar inhibited adipocyte differentiation. On the other hand, a corresponding concentration of acetic acid had significantly less effect on lipid accumulation and virtually no effect on adipogenic gene expression. These results suggested that, similar to Ginkgo biloba extract, ginkgo vinegar might prevent and improve adiposity. Therefore, ginkgo seed coat could be a useful material for medicinal ingredients. MDPI 2020-01-16 /pmc/articles/PMC7019924/ /pubmed/31963184 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12010230 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Hosoda, Shugo Kawazoe, Yumi Shiba, Toshikazu Numazawa, Satoshi Manabe, Atsufumi Anti-Obesity Effect of Ginkgo Vinegar, a Fermented Product of Ginkgo Seed Coat, in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet and 3T3-L1 Preadipocyte Cells |
title | Anti-Obesity Effect of Ginkgo Vinegar, a Fermented Product of Ginkgo Seed Coat, in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet and 3T3-L1 Preadipocyte Cells |
title_full | Anti-Obesity Effect of Ginkgo Vinegar, a Fermented Product of Ginkgo Seed Coat, in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet and 3T3-L1 Preadipocyte Cells |
title_fullStr | Anti-Obesity Effect of Ginkgo Vinegar, a Fermented Product of Ginkgo Seed Coat, in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet and 3T3-L1 Preadipocyte Cells |
title_full_unstemmed | Anti-Obesity Effect of Ginkgo Vinegar, a Fermented Product of Ginkgo Seed Coat, in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet and 3T3-L1 Preadipocyte Cells |
title_short | Anti-Obesity Effect of Ginkgo Vinegar, a Fermented Product of Ginkgo Seed Coat, in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet and 3T3-L1 Preadipocyte Cells |
title_sort | anti-obesity effect of ginkgo vinegar, a fermented product of ginkgo seed coat, in mice fed a high-fat diet and 3t3-l1 preadipocyte cells |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7019924/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31963184 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12010230 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT hosodashugo antiobesityeffectofginkgovinegarafermentedproductofginkgoseedcoatinmicefedahighfatdietand3t3l1preadipocytecells AT kawazoeyumi antiobesityeffectofginkgovinegarafermentedproductofginkgoseedcoatinmicefedahighfatdietand3t3l1preadipocytecells AT shibatoshikazu antiobesityeffectofginkgovinegarafermentedproductofginkgoseedcoatinmicefedahighfatdietand3t3l1preadipocytecells AT numazawasatoshi antiobesityeffectofginkgovinegarafermentedproductofginkgoseedcoatinmicefedahighfatdietand3t3l1preadipocytecells AT manabeatsufumi antiobesityeffectofginkgovinegarafermentedproductofginkgoseedcoatinmicefedahighfatdietand3t3l1preadipocytecells |