Comparison of knowledge, attitude, and practices of animal and human brucellosis between nomadic pastoralists and non-pastoralists in Kenya

BACKGROUND: The seroprevalence of brucellosis among nomadic pastoralists and their livestock in arid lands is reported to be over10-fold higher than non-pastoralists farmers and their livestock in Kenya. Here, we compared the seroprevalence of nomadic pastoralists and mixed farming with their knowle...

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Autores principales: Njenga, M. Kariuki, Ogolla, Eric, Thumbi, Samuel Mwangi, Ngere, Isaac, Omulo, Sylvia, Muturi, Mathew, Marwanga, Doris, Bitek, Austine, Bett, Bernard, Widdowson, Marc-Alain, Munyua, Peninah, Osoro, Eric Mogaka
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7041083/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32093689
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-8362-0
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author Njenga, M. Kariuki
Ogolla, Eric
Thumbi, Samuel Mwangi
Ngere, Isaac
Omulo, Sylvia
Muturi, Mathew
Marwanga, Doris
Bitek, Austine
Bett, Bernard
Widdowson, Marc-Alain
Munyua, Peninah
Osoro, Eric Mogaka
author_facet Njenga, M. Kariuki
Ogolla, Eric
Thumbi, Samuel Mwangi
Ngere, Isaac
Omulo, Sylvia
Muturi, Mathew
Marwanga, Doris
Bitek, Austine
Bett, Bernard
Widdowson, Marc-Alain
Munyua, Peninah
Osoro, Eric Mogaka
author_sort Njenga, M. Kariuki
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The seroprevalence of brucellosis among nomadic pastoralists and their livestock in arid lands is reported to be over10-fold higher than non-pastoralists farmers and their livestock in Kenya. Here, we compared the seroprevalence of nomadic pastoralists and mixed farming with their knowledge of the disease and high-risk practices associated with brucellosis infection. METHODS: Across-sectional study was conducted in two counties - Kiambu County where farmers primarily practice smallholder livestock production and crop farming, and Marsabit County where farmers practice nomadic pastoral livestock production. Stratified random sampling was applied, in which sublocations were initially selected based on predominant livestock production system, before selecting households using randomly generated geographical coordinates. In each household, up to three persons aged 5 years and above were randomly selected, consented, and tested for Brucella spp IgG antibodies. A structured questionnaire was administered to the household head and selected individuals on disease knowledge and risky practices among the pastoralists and mixed farmers compared. Multivariable mixed effects logistic regression model was used to assess independent practices associated with human Brucella spp. IgG seropositivity. RESULTS: While the majority (74%) of pastoralist households had little to no formal education when compared to mixed (8%), over 70% of all households (pastoralists and mixed farmers) had heard of brucellosis and mentioned its clinical presentation in humans. However, fewer than 30% of all participants (pastoralists and mixed farmers) knew how brucellosis is transmitted between animals and humans or how its transmission can be prevented. Despite their comparable knowledge, significantly more seropositive pastoralists compared to mixed farmers engaged in risky practices including consuming unboiled milk (79.5% vs 1.7%, p < 0.001) and raw blood (28.3% vs 0.4%, p < 0.001), assisting in animal birth (43.0% vs 9.3%, p < 0.001), and handling raw hides (30.6% vs 5.5%, p < 0.001)., CONCLUSION: Nomadic pastoralists are more likely to engage in risky practices that promote Brucella Infection, probably because of their occupation and culture, despite having significant knowledge of the disease.
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spelling pubmed-70410832020-03-02 Comparison of knowledge, attitude, and practices of animal and human brucellosis between nomadic pastoralists and non-pastoralists in Kenya Njenga, M. Kariuki Ogolla, Eric Thumbi, Samuel Mwangi Ngere, Isaac Omulo, Sylvia Muturi, Mathew Marwanga, Doris Bitek, Austine Bett, Bernard Widdowson, Marc-Alain Munyua, Peninah Osoro, Eric Mogaka BMC Public Health Research Article BACKGROUND: The seroprevalence of brucellosis among nomadic pastoralists and their livestock in arid lands is reported to be over10-fold higher than non-pastoralists farmers and their livestock in Kenya. Here, we compared the seroprevalence of nomadic pastoralists and mixed farming with their knowledge of the disease and high-risk practices associated with brucellosis infection. METHODS: Across-sectional study was conducted in two counties - Kiambu County where farmers primarily practice smallholder livestock production and crop farming, and Marsabit County where farmers practice nomadic pastoral livestock production. Stratified random sampling was applied, in which sublocations were initially selected based on predominant livestock production system, before selecting households using randomly generated geographical coordinates. In each household, up to three persons aged 5 years and above were randomly selected, consented, and tested for Brucella spp IgG antibodies. A structured questionnaire was administered to the household head and selected individuals on disease knowledge and risky practices among the pastoralists and mixed farmers compared. Multivariable mixed effects logistic regression model was used to assess independent practices associated with human Brucella spp. IgG seropositivity. RESULTS: While the majority (74%) of pastoralist households had little to no formal education when compared to mixed (8%), over 70% of all households (pastoralists and mixed farmers) had heard of brucellosis and mentioned its clinical presentation in humans. However, fewer than 30% of all participants (pastoralists and mixed farmers) knew how brucellosis is transmitted between animals and humans or how its transmission can be prevented. Despite their comparable knowledge, significantly more seropositive pastoralists compared to mixed farmers engaged in risky practices including consuming unboiled milk (79.5% vs 1.7%, p < 0.001) and raw blood (28.3% vs 0.4%, p < 0.001), assisting in animal birth (43.0% vs 9.3%, p < 0.001), and handling raw hides (30.6% vs 5.5%, p < 0.001)., CONCLUSION: Nomadic pastoralists are more likely to engage in risky practices that promote Brucella Infection, probably because of their occupation and culture, despite having significant knowledge of the disease. BioMed Central 2020-02-24 /pmc/articles/PMC7041083/ /pubmed/32093689 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-8362-0 Text en © The Author(s). 2020 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Research Article
Njenga, M. Kariuki
Ogolla, Eric
Thumbi, Samuel Mwangi
Ngere, Isaac
Omulo, Sylvia
Muturi, Mathew
Marwanga, Doris
Bitek, Austine
Bett, Bernard
Widdowson, Marc-Alain
Munyua, Peninah
Osoro, Eric Mogaka
Comparison of knowledge, attitude, and practices of animal and human brucellosis between nomadic pastoralists and non-pastoralists in Kenya
title Comparison of knowledge, attitude, and practices of animal and human brucellosis between nomadic pastoralists and non-pastoralists in Kenya
title_full Comparison of knowledge, attitude, and practices of animal and human brucellosis between nomadic pastoralists and non-pastoralists in Kenya
title_fullStr Comparison of knowledge, attitude, and practices of animal and human brucellosis between nomadic pastoralists and non-pastoralists in Kenya
title_full_unstemmed Comparison of knowledge, attitude, and practices of animal and human brucellosis between nomadic pastoralists and non-pastoralists in Kenya
title_short Comparison of knowledge, attitude, and practices of animal and human brucellosis between nomadic pastoralists and non-pastoralists in Kenya
title_sort comparison of knowledge, attitude, and practices of animal and human brucellosis between nomadic pastoralists and non-pastoralists in kenya
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7041083/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32093689
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-8362-0
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