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Novel Vibrio spp. Strains Producing Omega-3 Fatty Acids Isolated from Coastal Seawater
Omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs), such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) (20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (22:6n-3), are considered essential for human health. Microorganisms are the primary producers of omega-3 fatty acids in marine ecosystems, representing a sustainab...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7074563/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32024040 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md18020099 |
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author | Estupiñán, Mónica Hernández, Igor Saitua, Eduardo Bilbao, M. Elisabete Mendibil, Iñaki Ferrer, Jorge Alonso-Sáez, Laura |
author_facet | Estupiñán, Mónica Hernández, Igor Saitua, Eduardo Bilbao, M. Elisabete Mendibil, Iñaki Ferrer, Jorge Alonso-Sáez, Laura |
author_sort | Estupiñán, Mónica |
collection | PubMed |
description | Omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs), such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) (20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (22:6n-3), are considered essential for human health. Microorganisms are the primary producers of omega-3 fatty acids in marine ecosystems, representing a sustainable source of these lipids, as an alternative to the fish industry. Some marine bacteria can produce LC-PUFAs de novo via the Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid (Pfa) synthase/ Polyketide Synthase (PKS) pathway, which does not require desaturation and elongation of saturated fatty acids. Cultivation-independent surveys have revealed that the diversity of microorganisms harboring a molecular marker of the pfa gene cluster (i.e., pfaA-KS domain) is high and their potential distribution in marine systems is widespread, from surface seawater to sediments. However, the isolation of PUFA producers from marine waters has been typically restricted to deep or cold environments. Here, we report a phenotypic and genotypic screening for the identification of omega-3 fatty acid producers in free-living bacterial strains isolated from 5, 500, and 1000 m deep coastal seawater from the Bay of Biscay (Spain). We further measured EPA production in pelagic Vibrio sp. strains collected at the three different depths. Vibrio sp. EPA-producers and non-producers were simultaneously isolated from the same water samples and shared a high percentage of identity in their 16S rRNA genes, supporting the view that the pfa gene cluster can be horizontally transferred. Within a cluster of EPA-producers, we found intraspecific variation in the levels of EPA synthesis for isolates harboring different genetic variants of the pfaA-KS domain. The maximum production of EPA was found in a Vibrio sp. strain isolated from a 1000 m depth (average 4.29% ± 1.07 of total fatty acids at 10 °C, without any optimization of culturing conditions). |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7074563 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-70745632020-03-20 Novel Vibrio spp. Strains Producing Omega-3 Fatty Acids Isolated from Coastal Seawater Estupiñán, Mónica Hernández, Igor Saitua, Eduardo Bilbao, M. Elisabete Mendibil, Iñaki Ferrer, Jorge Alonso-Sáez, Laura Mar Drugs Article Omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs), such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) (20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (22:6n-3), are considered essential for human health. Microorganisms are the primary producers of omega-3 fatty acids in marine ecosystems, representing a sustainable source of these lipids, as an alternative to the fish industry. Some marine bacteria can produce LC-PUFAs de novo via the Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid (Pfa) synthase/ Polyketide Synthase (PKS) pathway, which does not require desaturation and elongation of saturated fatty acids. Cultivation-independent surveys have revealed that the diversity of microorganisms harboring a molecular marker of the pfa gene cluster (i.e., pfaA-KS domain) is high and their potential distribution in marine systems is widespread, from surface seawater to sediments. However, the isolation of PUFA producers from marine waters has been typically restricted to deep or cold environments. Here, we report a phenotypic and genotypic screening for the identification of omega-3 fatty acid producers in free-living bacterial strains isolated from 5, 500, and 1000 m deep coastal seawater from the Bay of Biscay (Spain). We further measured EPA production in pelagic Vibrio sp. strains collected at the three different depths. Vibrio sp. EPA-producers and non-producers were simultaneously isolated from the same water samples and shared a high percentage of identity in their 16S rRNA genes, supporting the view that the pfa gene cluster can be horizontally transferred. Within a cluster of EPA-producers, we found intraspecific variation in the levels of EPA synthesis for isolates harboring different genetic variants of the pfaA-KS domain. The maximum production of EPA was found in a Vibrio sp. strain isolated from a 1000 m depth (average 4.29% ± 1.07 of total fatty acids at 10 °C, without any optimization of culturing conditions). MDPI 2020-02-01 /pmc/articles/PMC7074563/ /pubmed/32024040 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md18020099 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Estupiñán, Mónica Hernández, Igor Saitua, Eduardo Bilbao, M. Elisabete Mendibil, Iñaki Ferrer, Jorge Alonso-Sáez, Laura Novel Vibrio spp. Strains Producing Omega-3 Fatty Acids Isolated from Coastal Seawater |
title | Novel Vibrio spp. Strains Producing Omega-3 Fatty Acids Isolated from Coastal Seawater |
title_full | Novel Vibrio spp. Strains Producing Omega-3 Fatty Acids Isolated from Coastal Seawater |
title_fullStr | Novel Vibrio spp. Strains Producing Omega-3 Fatty Acids Isolated from Coastal Seawater |
title_full_unstemmed | Novel Vibrio spp. Strains Producing Omega-3 Fatty Acids Isolated from Coastal Seawater |
title_short | Novel Vibrio spp. Strains Producing Omega-3 Fatty Acids Isolated from Coastal Seawater |
title_sort | novel vibrio spp. strains producing omega-3 fatty acids isolated from coastal seawater |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7074563/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32024040 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md18020099 |
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