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Entomological assessment of the risk of dengue outbreak in Abomey-Calavi Commune, Benin

BACKGROUND: In May 2019, a confirmed dengue fever case was detected at the local hospital of Abomey-Calavi Commune in southern Benin. In Benin, there remains a dearth of literature concerning the distribution and biology of Aedes aegypti, the principal vector of dengue fever. This study was initiate...

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Autores principales: Padonou, Germain Gil, Ossè, Razaki, Salako, Albert Sourou, Aikpon, Rock, Sovi, Arthur, Kpanou, Casimir, Sagbohan, Hermann, Akadiri, Yessoufou, Lamine, Baba-Moussa, Akogbeto, Martin C.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2020
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Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7147049/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32308531
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s41182-020-00207-w
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author Padonou, Germain Gil
Ossè, Razaki
Salako, Albert Sourou
Aikpon, Rock
Sovi, Arthur
Kpanou, Casimir
Sagbohan, Hermann
Akadiri, Yessoufou
Lamine, Baba-Moussa
Akogbeto, Martin C.
author_facet Padonou, Germain Gil
Ossè, Razaki
Salako, Albert Sourou
Aikpon, Rock
Sovi, Arthur
Kpanou, Casimir
Sagbohan, Hermann
Akadiri, Yessoufou
Lamine, Baba-Moussa
Akogbeto, Martin C.
author_sort Padonou, Germain Gil
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: In May 2019, a confirmed dengue fever case was detected at the local hospital of Abomey-Calavi Commune in southern Benin. In Benin, there remains a dearth of literature concerning the distribution and biology of Aedes aegypti, the principal vector of dengue fever. This study was initiated by the Ministry of Health to partially fill this gap. The findings allowed us to assess the arboviral transmission risk incurred by the population of Abomey-Calavi to support programmatic decision-making. METHODS: Entomological assessments were conducted in 5% of the houses, meaning 314 houses selected from 11 boroughs in Abomey-Calavi Centre district and 9 villages in Hêvié district. The surveyed breeding sites were water containers located in (domestic) and around (peri-domestic) the dwellings. When a container was positive (housing larvae), a portion of the immature population was sampled with a larval dipper and poured into labeled jars. Immatures were then reared to adulthood at the Centre de Recheche Entomologique de Cotonou (CREC) insectary. Adult mosquitoes were morphologically identified to species level by site and, a subsample of the collected Ae. aegypti mosquitoes were used for WHO susceptibility tube tests. RESULTS: Of the 1372 adult Aedes specimens which emerged from the collected larvae and pupae, 1356 Ae. aegypti (98.83%), 10 Ae. luteocephalus, and 4 Ae. vittatus were identified. The Breteau indices were 160.2 in Abomey-Calavi Centre and 150 in Hêvié, whereas the House indices were 58.5% and 61.6% in the respective districts. WHO insecticide susceptibility tube tests showed that the mortality rates were 38.71% in Abomey-Calavi Centre and 85.71% in Hêvié for permethrin, and 72.22% in Abomey-Calavi Centre and 100% in Hêvié for deltamethrin. CONCLUSION: The two districts were highly infested by Ae. aegypti whose breeding sites were mostly man-made. Considering this, human behavioral change to substantially reduce the number of larval habitats is necessary to control the vector populations. As Aedes mosquitoes are day biters, the use of repellents such as ointments and smoke coils can also be useful.
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spelling pubmed-71470492020-04-18 Entomological assessment of the risk of dengue outbreak in Abomey-Calavi Commune, Benin Padonou, Germain Gil Ossè, Razaki Salako, Albert Sourou Aikpon, Rock Sovi, Arthur Kpanou, Casimir Sagbohan, Hermann Akadiri, Yessoufou Lamine, Baba-Moussa Akogbeto, Martin C. Trop Med Health Research BACKGROUND: In May 2019, a confirmed dengue fever case was detected at the local hospital of Abomey-Calavi Commune in southern Benin. In Benin, there remains a dearth of literature concerning the distribution and biology of Aedes aegypti, the principal vector of dengue fever. This study was initiated by the Ministry of Health to partially fill this gap. The findings allowed us to assess the arboviral transmission risk incurred by the population of Abomey-Calavi to support programmatic decision-making. METHODS: Entomological assessments were conducted in 5% of the houses, meaning 314 houses selected from 11 boroughs in Abomey-Calavi Centre district and 9 villages in Hêvié district. The surveyed breeding sites were water containers located in (domestic) and around (peri-domestic) the dwellings. When a container was positive (housing larvae), a portion of the immature population was sampled with a larval dipper and poured into labeled jars. Immatures were then reared to adulthood at the Centre de Recheche Entomologique de Cotonou (CREC) insectary. Adult mosquitoes were morphologically identified to species level by site and, a subsample of the collected Ae. aegypti mosquitoes were used for WHO susceptibility tube tests. RESULTS: Of the 1372 adult Aedes specimens which emerged from the collected larvae and pupae, 1356 Ae. aegypti (98.83%), 10 Ae. luteocephalus, and 4 Ae. vittatus were identified. The Breteau indices were 160.2 in Abomey-Calavi Centre and 150 in Hêvié, whereas the House indices were 58.5% and 61.6% in the respective districts. WHO insecticide susceptibility tube tests showed that the mortality rates were 38.71% in Abomey-Calavi Centre and 85.71% in Hêvié for permethrin, and 72.22% in Abomey-Calavi Centre and 100% in Hêvié for deltamethrin. CONCLUSION: The two districts were highly infested by Ae. aegypti whose breeding sites were mostly man-made. Considering this, human behavioral change to substantially reduce the number of larval habitats is necessary to control the vector populations. As Aedes mosquitoes are day biters, the use of repellents such as ointments and smoke coils can also be useful. BioMed Central 2020-04-10 /pmc/articles/PMC7147049/ /pubmed/32308531 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s41182-020-00207-w Text en © The Author(s) 2020 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
spellingShingle Research
Padonou, Germain Gil
Ossè, Razaki
Salako, Albert Sourou
Aikpon, Rock
Sovi, Arthur
Kpanou, Casimir
Sagbohan, Hermann
Akadiri, Yessoufou
Lamine, Baba-Moussa
Akogbeto, Martin C.
Entomological assessment of the risk of dengue outbreak in Abomey-Calavi Commune, Benin
title Entomological assessment of the risk of dengue outbreak in Abomey-Calavi Commune, Benin
title_full Entomological assessment of the risk of dengue outbreak in Abomey-Calavi Commune, Benin
title_fullStr Entomological assessment of the risk of dengue outbreak in Abomey-Calavi Commune, Benin
title_full_unstemmed Entomological assessment of the risk of dengue outbreak in Abomey-Calavi Commune, Benin
title_short Entomological assessment of the risk of dengue outbreak in Abomey-Calavi Commune, Benin
title_sort entomological assessment of the risk of dengue outbreak in abomey-calavi commune, benin
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7147049/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32308531
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s41182-020-00207-w
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