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Citrus Flavones: An Update on Sources, Biological Functions, and Health Promoting Properties

Citrus spp. are among the most widespread plants cultivated worldwide and every year millions of tons of fruit, juices, or processed compounds are produced and consumed, representing one of the main sources of nutrients in human diet. Among these, the flavonoids play a key role in providing a wide r...

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Autores principales: Barreca, Davide, Mandalari, Giuseppina, Calderaro, Antonella, Smeriglio, Antonella, Trombetta, Domenico, Felice, Maria Rosa, Gattuso, Giuseppe
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7154817/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32110931
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9030288
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author Barreca, Davide
Mandalari, Giuseppina
Calderaro, Antonella
Smeriglio, Antonella
Trombetta, Domenico
Felice, Maria Rosa
Gattuso, Giuseppe
author_facet Barreca, Davide
Mandalari, Giuseppina
Calderaro, Antonella
Smeriglio, Antonella
Trombetta, Domenico
Felice, Maria Rosa
Gattuso, Giuseppe
author_sort Barreca, Davide
collection PubMed
description Citrus spp. are among the most widespread plants cultivated worldwide and every year millions of tons of fruit, juices, or processed compounds are produced and consumed, representing one of the main sources of nutrients in human diet. Among these, the flavonoids play a key role in providing a wide range of health beneficial effects. Apigenin, diosmetin, luteolin, acacetin, chrysoeriol, and their respective glycosides, that occur in concentrations up to 60 mg/L, are the most common flavones found in Citrus fruits and juices. The unique characteristics of their basic skeleton and the nature and position of the substituents have attracted and stimulated vigorous investigations as a consequence of an enormous biological potential, that manifests itself as (among other properties) antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antimicrobial, and anticancer activities. This review analyzes the biochemical, pharmacological, and biological properties of Citrus flavones, emphasizing their occurrence in Citrus spp. fruits and juices, on their bioavailability, and their ability to modulate signal cascades and key metabolic enzymes both in vitro and in vivo. Electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and SciFinder were used to investigate recent published articles on Citrus spp. in terms of components and bioactivity potentials.
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spelling pubmed-71548172020-04-21 Citrus Flavones: An Update on Sources, Biological Functions, and Health Promoting Properties Barreca, Davide Mandalari, Giuseppina Calderaro, Antonella Smeriglio, Antonella Trombetta, Domenico Felice, Maria Rosa Gattuso, Giuseppe Plants (Basel) Review Citrus spp. are among the most widespread plants cultivated worldwide and every year millions of tons of fruit, juices, or processed compounds are produced and consumed, representing one of the main sources of nutrients in human diet. Among these, the flavonoids play a key role in providing a wide range of health beneficial effects. Apigenin, diosmetin, luteolin, acacetin, chrysoeriol, and their respective glycosides, that occur in concentrations up to 60 mg/L, are the most common flavones found in Citrus fruits and juices. The unique characteristics of their basic skeleton and the nature and position of the substituents have attracted and stimulated vigorous investigations as a consequence of an enormous biological potential, that manifests itself as (among other properties) antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antimicrobial, and anticancer activities. This review analyzes the biochemical, pharmacological, and biological properties of Citrus flavones, emphasizing their occurrence in Citrus spp. fruits and juices, on their bioavailability, and their ability to modulate signal cascades and key metabolic enzymes both in vitro and in vivo. Electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and SciFinder were used to investigate recent published articles on Citrus spp. in terms of components and bioactivity potentials. MDPI 2020-02-26 /pmc/articles/PMC7154817/ /pubmed/32110931 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9030288 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Barreca, Davide
Mandalari, Giuseppina
Calderaro, Antonella
Smeriglio, Antonella
Trombetta, Domenico
Felice, Maria Rosa
Gattuso, Giuseppe
Citrus Flavones: An Update on Sources, Biological Functions, and Health Promoting Properties
title Citrus Flavones: An Update on Sources, Biological Functions, and Health Promoting Properties
title_full Citrus Flavones: An Update on Sources, Biological Functions, and Health Promoting Properties
title_fullStr Citrus Flavones: An Update on Sources, Biological Functions, and Health Promoting Properties
title_full_unstemmed Citrus Flavones: An Update on Sources, Biological Functions, and Health Promoting Properties
title_short Citrus Flavones: An Update on Sources, Biological Functions, and Health Promoting Properties
title_sort citrus flavones: an update on sources, biological functions, and health promoting properties
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7154817/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32110931
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9030288
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