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Impact of deoxycholate on Clostridioides difficile growth, toxin production, and sporulation
PURPOSE: Bile acids play an important role in Clostridioides difficile life cycle. Deoxycholate (DCA), one of the most abundant secondary bile acids, is known to inhibit vegetative growth and toxin production. However, limited data are available on the role of DCA on C. difficile sporulation. Here,...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Elsevier
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7160582/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32322715 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03717 |
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author | Usui, Yukino Ayibieke, Alafate Kamiichi, Yuko Okugawa, Shu Moriya, Kyoji Tohda, Shuji Saito, Ryoichi |
author_facet | Usui, Yukino Ayibieke, Alafate Kamiichi, Yuko Okugawa, Shu Moriya, Kyoji Tohda, Shuji Saito, Ryoichi |
author_sort | Usui, Yukino |
collection | PubMed |
description | PURPOSE: Bile acids play an important role in Clostridioides difficile life cycle. Deoxycholate (DCA), one of the most abundant secondary bile acids, is known to inhibit vegetative growth and toxin production. However, limited data are available on the role of DCA on C. difficile sporulation. Here, we investigated the phenotypic and genotypic impact of DCA on the growth, toxin production, and sporulation of C. difficile. METHODOLOGY: Four genetically divergent C. difficile strains were cultured in nutrient-rich broth with and without DCA at various concentrations, and growth activity was evaluated for each strain. Cytotoxicity assays using culture supernatants from cells grown in nutrient-rich broth with and without 0.01% DCA were conducted. Sporulation efficiency was determined using sporulation media with and without 0.01% DCA. Transcript levels of tcdB and spo0A were analyzed using quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: We found that DCA led to growth reduction in a dose-depended manner and regulated toxin production by repressing tcdB expression during vegetative growth. To our knowledge, we have also provided the first evidence that DCA reduces C. difficile sporulation efficiency through the downregulation of spo0A expression during the sporulation stage. CONCLUSIONS: DCA modulates C. difficile sporulation, vegetative growth, and toxin production. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7160582 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Elsevier |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-71605822020-04-22 Impact of deoxycholate on Clostridioides difficile growth, toxin production, and sporulation Usui, Yukino Ayibieke, Alafate Kamiichi, Yuko Okugawa, Shu Moriya, Kyoji Tohda, Shuji Saito, Ryoichi Heliyon Article PURPOSE: Bile acids play an important role in Clostridioides difficile life cycle. Deoxycholate (DCA), one of the most abundant secondary bile acids, is known to inhibit vegetative growth and toxin production. However, limited data are available on the role of DCA on C. difficile sporulation. Here, we investigated the phenotypic and genotypic impact of DCA on the growth, toxin production, and sporulation of C. difficile. METHODOLOGY: Four genetically divergent C. difficile strains were cultured in nutrient-rich broth with and without DCA at various concentrations, and growth activity was evaluated for each strain. Cytotoxicity assays using culture supernatants from cells grown in nutrient-rich broth with and without 0.01% DCA were conducted. Sporulation efficiency was determined using sporulation media with and without 0.01% DCA. Transcript levels of tcdB and spo0A were analyzed using quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: We found that DCA led to growth reduction in a dose-depended manner and regulated toxin production by repressing tcdB expression during vegetative growth. To our knowledge, we have also provided the first evidence that DCA reduces C. difficile sporulation efficiency through the downregulation of spo0A expression during the sporulation stage. CONCLUSIONS: DCA modulates C. difficile sporulation, vegetative growth, and toxin production. Elsevier 2020-04-13 /pmc/articles/PMC7160582/ /pubmed/32322715 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03717 Text en © 2020 The Author(s) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Usui, Yukino Ayibieke, Alafate Kamiichi, Yuko Okugawa, Shu Moriya, Kyoji Tohda, Shuji Saito, Ryoichi Impact of deoxycholate on Clostridioides difficile growth, toxin production, and sporulation |
title | Impact of deoxycholate on Clostridioides difficile growth, toxin production, and sporulation |
title_full | Impact of deoxycholate on Clostridioides difficile growth, toxin production, and sporulation |
title_fullStr | Impact of deoxycholate on Clostridioides difficile growth, toxin production, and sporulation |
title_full_unstemmed | Impact of deoxycholate on Clostridioides difficile growth, toxin production, and sporulation |
title_short | Impact of deoxycholate on Clostridioides difficile growth, toxin production, and sporulation |
title_sort | impact of deoxycholate on clostridioides difficile growth, toxin production, and sporulation |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7160582/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32322715 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03717 |
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