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DPP4 Inhibition, NPY(1-36), PYY(1-36), SDF-1α, and a Hypertensive Genetic Background Conspire to Augment Cell Proliferation and Collagen Production: Effects That Are Abolished by Low Concentrations of 2-Methoxyestradiol
By reducing their metabolism, dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibition (DPP4I) enhances the effects of numerous peptides including neuropeptide Y(1–36) (NPY(1–36)), peptide YY(1–36) (PYY(1–36)), and SDF-1α. Studies show that separately NPY(1–36), PYY(1–36) and SDF-1α stimulate proliferation of, and collage...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7174788/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32015161 http://dx.doi.org/10.1124/jpet.119.263467 |
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author | Jackson, Edwin K. Gillespie, Delbert G. Tofovic, Stevan P. |
author_facet | Jackson, Edwin K. Gillespie, Delbert G. Tofovic, Stevan P. |
author_sort | Jackson, Edwin K. |
collection | PubMed |
description | By reducing their metabolism, dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibition (DPP4I) enhances the effects of numerous peptides including neuropeptide Y(1–36) (NPY(1–36)), peptide YY(1–36) (PYY(1–36)), and SDF-1α. Studies show that separately NPY(1–36), PYY(1–36) and SDF-1α stimulate proliferation of, and collagen production by, cardiac fibroblasts (CFs), preglomerular vascular smooth muscle cells (PGVSMCs), and glomerular mesangial cells (GMCs), particularly in cells isolated from genetically hypertensive rats. Whether certain combinations of these factors, in the absence or presence of DPP4I, are more profibrotic than others is unknown. Here we contrasted 24 different combinations of conditions (DPP4I, hypertensive genotype and physiologic levels [3 nM] of NPY(1–36), PYY(1–36), or SDF-1α) on proliferation of, and [(3)H]-proline incorporation by, CFs, PGVSMCs, and GMCs. In all three cell types, the various treatment conditions differentially increased proliferation and [(3)H]-proline incorporation, with a hypertensive genotype + DPP4I + NPY(1–36) + SDF-1α being the most efficacious combination. Although the effects of this four-way combination were similar in male versus female CFs, physiologic (1 nM) concentrations of 2-methoxyestradiol (2ME; nonestrogenic metabolite of 17β-estradiol), abolished the effects of this combination in both male and female CFs. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that CFs, PGVSMCs, and GMCs are differentially activated by various combinations of NPY(1–36), PYY(1–36), SDF-1α, a hypertensive genetic background and DPP4I. We hypothesize that as these progrowth conditions accumulate, a tipping point would be reached that manifests in the long term as organ fibrosis and that 2ME would obviate any profibrotic effects of DPP4I, even under the most profibrotic conditions (i.e., hypertensive genotype with high NPY(1–36) + SDF-1α levels and low 2ME levels). SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: This work elucidates combinations of factors that could contribute to long-term profibrotic effects of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors and suggests a novel drug combination that could prevent any potential profibrotic effects of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors while augmenting the protective effects of this class of antidiabetic agents. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7174788 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-71747882020-05-06 DPP4 Inhibition, NPY(1-36), PYY(1-36), SDF-1α, and a Hypertensive Genetic Background Conspire to Augment Cell Proliferation and Collagen Production: Effects That Are Abolished by Low Concentrations of 2-Methoxyestradiol Jackson, Edwin K. Gillespie, Delbert G. Tofovic, Stevan P. J Pharmacol Exp Ther Cardiovascular By reducing their metabolism, dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibition (DPP4I) enhances the effects of numerous peptides including neuropeptide Y(1–36) (NPY(1–36)), peptide YY(1–36) (PYY(1–36)), and SDF-1α. Studies show that separately NPY(1–36), PYY(1–36) and SDF-1α stimulate proliferation of, and collagen production by, cardiac fibroblasts (CFs), preglomerular vascular smooth muscle cells (PGVSMCs), and glomerular mesangial cells (GMCs), particularly in cells isolated from genetically hypertensive rats. Whether certain combinations of these factors, in the absence or presence of DPP4I, are more profibrotic than others is unknown. Here we contrasted 24 different combinations of conditions (DPP4I, hypertensive genotype and physiologic levels [3 nM] of NPY(1–36), PYY(1–36), or SDF-1α) on proliferation of, and [(3)H]-proline incorporation by, CFs, PGVSMCs, and GMCs. In all three cell types, the various treatment conditions differentially increased proliferation and [(3)H]-proline incorporation, with a hypertensive genotype + DPP4I + NPY(1–36) + SDF-1α being the most efficacious combination. Although the effects of this four-way combination were similar in male versus female CFs, physiologic (1 nM) concentrations of 2-methoxyestradiol (2ME; nonestrogenic metabolite of 17β-estradiol), abolished the effects of this combination in both male and female CFs. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that CFs, PGVSMCs, and GMCs are differentially activated by various combinations of NPY(1–36), PYY(1–36), SDF-1α, a hypertensive genetic background and DPP4I. We hypothesize that as these progrowth conditions accumulate, a tipping point would be reached that manifests in the long term as organ fibrosis and that 2ME would obviate any profibrotic effects of DPP4I, even under the most profibrotic conditions (i.e., hypertensive genotype with high NPY(1–36) + SDF-1α levels and low 2ME levels). SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: This work elucidates combinations of factors that could contribute to long-term profibrotic effects of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors and suggests a novel drug combination that could prevent any potential profibrotic effects of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors while augmenting the protective effects of this class of antidiabetic agents. The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 2020-04 2020-04 /pmc/articles/PMC7174788/ /pubmed/32015161 http://dx.doi.org/10.1124/jpet.119.263467 Text en Copyright © 2020 by The Author(s) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC Attribution 4.0 International license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Cardiovascular Jackson, Edwin K. Gillespie, Delbert G. Tofovic, Stevan P. DPP4 Inhibition, NPY(1-36), PYY(1-36), SDF-1α, and a Hypertensive Genetic Background Conspire to Augment Cell Proliferation and Collagen Production: Effects That Are Abolished by Low Concentrations of 2-Methoxyestradiol |
title | DPP4 Inhibition, NPY(1-36), PYY(1-36), SDF-1α, and a Hypertensive Genetic Background Conspire to Augment Cell Proliferation and Collagen Production: Effects That Are Abolished by Low Concentrations of 2-Methoxyestradiol |
title_full | DPP4 Inhibition, NPY(1-36), PYY(1-36), SDF-1α, and a Hypertensive Genetic Background Conspire to Augment Cell Proliferation and Collagen Production: Effects That Are Abolished by Low Concentrations of 2-Methoxyestradiol |
title_fullStr | DPP4 Inhibition, NPY(1-36), PYY(1-36), SDF-1α, and a Hypertensive Genetic Background Conspire to Augment Cell Proliferation and Collagen Production: Effects That Are Abolished by Low Concentrations of 2-Methoxyestradiol |
title_full_unstemmed | DPP4 Inhibition, NPY(1-36), PYY(1-36), SDF-1α, and a Hypertensive Genetic Background Conspire to Augment Cell Proliferation and Collagen Production: Effects That Are Abolished by Low Concentrations of 2-Methoxyestradiol |
title_short | DPP4 Inhibition, NPY(1-36), PYY(1-36), SDF-1α, and a Hypertensive Genetic Background Conspire to Augment Cell Proliferation and Collagen Production: Effects That Are Abolished by Low Concentrations of 2-Methoxyestradiol |
title_sort | dpp4 inhibition, npy(1-36), pyy(1-36), sdf-1α, and a hypertensive genetic background conspire to augment cell proliferation and collagen production: effects that are abolished by low concentrations of 2-methoxyestradiol |
topic | Cardiovascular |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7174788/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32015161 http://dx.doi.org/10.1124/jpet.119.263467 |
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