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Do the anatomical and physiological properties of a muscle determine its adaptive response to different loading protocols?

It has been proposed that superior muscle hypertrophy may be obtained by training muscles predominant in type I fibers with lighter loads and those predominant in type II fibers with heavier loads. PURPOSE: To evaluate longitudinal changes in muscle strength and hypertrophy of the soleus (a predomin...

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Autores principales: Schoenfeld, Brad J., Vigotsky, Andrew D., Grgic, Jozo, Haun, Cody, Contreras, Bret, Delcastillo, Kenneth, Francis, Aston, Cote, Gilda, Alto, Andrew
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7186566/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32342648
http://dx.doi.org/10.14814/phy2.14427
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author Schoenfeld, Brad J.
Vigotsky, Andrew D.
Grgic, Jozo
Haun, Cody
Contreras, Bret
Delcastillo, Kenneth
Francis, Aston
Cote, Gilda
Alto, Andrew
author_facet Schoenfeld, Brad J.
Vigotsky, Andrew D.
Grgic, Jozo
Haun, Cody
Contreras, Bret
Delcastillo, Kenneth
Francis, Aston
Cote, Gilda
Alto, Andrew
author_sort Schoenfeld, Brad J.
collection PubMed
description It has been proposed that superior muscle hypertrophy may be obtained by training muscles predominant in type I fibers with lighter loads and those predominant in type II fibers with heavier loads. PURPOSE: To evaluate longitudinal changes in muscle strength and hypertrophy of the soleus (a predominantly slow‐twitch muscle) and gastrocnemius (muscle with a similar composition of slow and fast‐twitch fibers) when subjected to light (20–30 repetition maximum) and heavy (6–10 repetition maximum) load plantarflexion exercise. METHODS: The study employed a within‐subject design whereby 26 untrained young men had their lower limbs randomized to perform plantarflexion with a low‐load (LIGHT) and a high‐load (HEAVY) for 8 weeks. Muscle thickness was estimated via B‐mode ultrasound and maximal strength was determined by isometric dynamometry. RESULTS: Results showed that changes in muscle thickness were similar for the soleus and the gastrocnemius regardless of the magnitude of load used in training. Furthermore, each of the calf muscles demonstrated robust hypertrophy, with the lateral gastrocnemius showing greater gains compared to the medial gastrocnemius and soleus. Both HEAVY and LIGHT training programs elicited similar hypertrophic increases in the triceps surae. Finally, isometric strength increases were similar between loading conditions. CONCLUSIONS: The triceps surae muscles respond robustly to regimented exercise and measures of muscle hypertrophy and isometric strength appear independent of muscle fiber type composition. Moreover, the study provides further evidence that low‐load training is a viable strategy to increase hypertrophy in different human muscles, with hypertrophic increases similar to that observed using heavy loads.
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spelling pubmed-71865662020-04-29 Do the anatomical and physiological properties of a muscle determine its adaptive response to different loading protocols? Schoenfeld, Brad J. Vigotsky, Andrew D. Grgic, Jozo Haun, Cody Contreras, Bret Delcastillo, Kenneth Francis, Aston Cote, Gilda Alto, Andrew Physiol Rep Original Research It has been proposed that superior muscle hypertrophy may be obtained by training muscles predominant in type I fibers with lighter loads and those predominant in type II fibers with heavier loads. PURPOSE: To evaluate longitudinal changes in muscle strength and hypertrophy of the soleus (a predominantly slow‐twitch muscle) and gastrocnemius (muscle with a similar composition of slow and fast‐twitch fibers) when subjected to light (20–30 repetition maximum) and heavy (6–10 repetition maximum) load plantarflexion exercise. METHODS: The study employed a within‐subject design whereby 26 untrained young men had their lower limbs randomized to perform plantarflexion with a low‐load (LIGHT) and a high‐load (HEAVY) for 8 weeks. Muscle thickness was estimated via B‐mode ultrasound and maximal strength was determined by isometric dynamometry. RESULTS: Results showed that changes in muscle thickness were similar for the soleus and the gastrocnemius regardless of the magnitude of load used in training. Furthermore, each of the calf muscles demonstrated robust hypertrophy, with the lateral gastrocnemius showing greater gains compared to the medial gastrocnemius and soleus. Both HEAVY and LIGHT training programs elicited similar hypertrophic increases in the triceps surae. Finally, isometric strength increases were similar between loading conditions. CONCLUSIONS: The triceps surae muscles respond robustly to regimented exercise and measures of muscle hypertrophy and isometric strength appear independent of muscle fiber type composition. Moreover, the study provides further evidence that low‐load training is a viable strategy to increase hypertrophy in different human muscles, with hypertrophic increases similar to that observed using heavy loads. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2020-04-27 /pmc/articles/PMC7186566/ /pubmed/32342648 http://dx.doi.org/10.14814/phy2.14427 Text en © 2020 The Authors. Physiological Reports published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of The Physiological Society and the American Physiological Society. This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Research
Schoenfeld, Brad J.
Vigotsky, Andrew D.
Grgic, Jozo
Haun, Cody
Contreras, Bret
Delcastillo, Kenneth
Francis, Aston
Cote, Gilda
Alto, Andrew
Do the anatomical and physiological properties of a muscle determine its adaptive response to different loading protocols?
title Do the anatomical and physiological properties of a muscle determine its adaptive response to different loading protocols?
title_full Do the anatomical and physiological properties of a muscle determine its adaptive response to different loading protocols?
title_fullStr Do the anatomical and physiological properties of a muscle determine its adaptive response to different loading protocols?
title_full_unstemmed Do the anatomical and physiological properties of a muscle determine its adaptive response to different loading protocols?
title_short Do the anatomical and physiological properties of a muscle determine its adaptive response to different loading protocols?
title_sort do the anatomical and physiological properties of a muscle determine its adaptive response to different loading protocols?
topic Original Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7186566/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32342648
http://dx.doi.org/10.14814/phy2.14427
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