Designing and validating the empowerment scale for the older individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (ESOCOPD)

INTRODUCTION: A standard scale to examine the empowerment status of older individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) can be used to assess their ability for self-care and disease management. This study aimed to design and validate the empowerment scale for the older individuals wi...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Khanian, Zahra Sam, Ghaffari, Fatemeh, Alipoor, Zahra Jannat, Fotokian, Zahra
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier 2020
Materias:
Article
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7210584/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32405553
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03909

Internet

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7210584/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32405553
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03909

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