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Designing and validating the empowerment scale for the older individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (ESOCOPD)
INTRODUCTION: A standard scale to examine the empowerment status of older individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) can be used to assess their ability for self-care and disease management. This study aimed to design and validate the empowerment scale for the older individuals wi...
Autores principales: | Khanian, Zahra Sam, Ghaffari, Fatemeh, Alipoor, Zahra Jannat, Fotokian, Zahra |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Elsevier
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7210584/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32405553 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03909 |
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