Cargando…

SL1 GENETICS OF PEDIATRIC BRAIN TUMORS: RECENT ADVANCES AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES

The last decade has seen a true revolution in our understanding of the oncogenic mechanisms underlying human tumors, brought about by transformative advances in the technologies available to interrogate the (epi)genetic composition of cancer cells. The dynamic pediatric neuro-oncology community has...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autor principal: Jones, David T W
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7213454/
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/noajnl/vdz039.001
_version_ 1783531807538413568
author Jones, David T W
author_facet Jones, David T W
author_sort Jones, David T W
collection PubMed
description The last decade has seen a true revolution in our understanding of the oncogenic mechanisms underlying human tumors, brought about by transformative advances in the technologies available to interrogate the (epi)genetic composition of cancer cells. The dynamic pediatric neuro-oncology community has proven to be very agile in adapting to these changes, and has arguably been at the forefront of some of the most exciting new discoveries in tumor biology in recent years. For example, high-throughput genomic sequencing has revealed highly frequent mutations in histone genes in pediatric glioblastoma; highlighted an ever-expanding role for oncogenic gene fusions in multiple pediatric brain tumor types, and also shed light on novel phenotypic patterns such as chromothripsis (dramatic chromosomal shattering) and somatic hypermutation - the latter being a possible marker for response to novel immunotherapeutic approaches. Epigenetic profiling has also identified a role for ‘enhancer hijacking’ (whereby genomic rearrangement brings an active enhancer element in close proximity to a proto-oncogene) in multiple pediatric brain tumors, and is even pointing towards a fundamentally new way in which tumors may be molecularly classified. In coming years, the major challenge will be to harness the power of these discoveries to more accurately diagnose patients and to identify potential therapeutic targets in a more personalized way, so that these major biological advances can also be translated into substantial clinical benefit. Examples such as the dramatic responses observed in childhood brain tumor sufferers to BRAF V600E and NTRK inhibitors demonstrate the promise that such an approach can hold, but it will require a fundamental shift in the way that clinical trials are planned and conducted in order to optimize patient care. This talk will highlight some of the most striking developments in the field, and look at the challenges that remain before these can lead to improved patient outcomes.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-7213454
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2019
publisher Oxford University Press
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-72134542020-07-07 SL1 GENETICS OF PEDIATRIC BRAIN TUMORS: RECENT ADVANCES AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES Jones, David T W Neurooncol Adv Abstracts The last decade has seen a true revolution in our understanding of the oncogenic mechanisms underlying human tumors, brought about by transformative advances in the technologies available to interrogate the (epi)genetic composition of cancer cells. The dynamic pediatric neuro-oncology community has proven to be very agile in adapting to these changes, and has arguably been at the forefront of some of the most exciting new discoveries in tumor biology in recent years. For example, high-throughput genomic sequencing has revealed highly frequent mutations in histone genes in pediatric glioblastoma; highlighted an ever-expanding role for oncogenic gene fusions in multiple pediatric brain tumor types, and also shed light on novel phenotypic patterns such as chromothripsis (dramatic chromosomal shattering) and somatic hypermutation - the latter being a possible marker for response to novel immunotherapeutic approaches. Epigenetic profiling has also identified a role for ‘enhancer hijacking’ (whereby genomic rearrangement brings an active enhancer element in close proximity to a proto-oncogene) in multiple pediatric brain tumors, and is even pointing towards a fundamentally new way in which tumors may be molecularly classified. In coming years, the major challenge will be to harness the power of these discoveries to more accurately diagnose patients and to identify potential therapeutic targets in a more personalized way, so that these major biological advances can also be translated into substantial clinical benefit. Examples such as the dramatic responses observed in childhood brain tumor sufferers to BRAF V600E and NTRK inhibitors demonstrate the promise that such an approach can hold, but it will require a fundamental shift in the way that clinical trials are planned and conducted in order to optimize patient care. This talk will highlight some of the most striking developments in the field, and look at the challenges that remain before these can lead to improved patient outcomes. Oxford University Press 2019-12-16 /pmc/articles/PMC7213454/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/noajnl/vdz039.001 Text en © The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press, the Society for Neuro-Oncology and the European Association of Neuro-Oncology. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com
spellingShingle Abstracts
Jones, David T W
SL1 GENETICS OF PEDIATRIC BRAIN TUMORS: RECENT ADVANCES AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES
title SL1 GENETICS OF PEDIATRIC BRAIN TUMORS: RECENT ADVANCES AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES
title_full SL1 GENETICS OF PEDIATRIC BRAIN TUMORS: RECENT ADVANCES AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES
title_fullStr SL1 GENETICS OF PEDIATRIC BRAIN TUMORS: RECENT ADVANCES AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES
title_full_unstemmed SL1 GENETICS OF PEDIATRIC BRAIN TUMORS: RECENT ADVANCES AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES
title_short SL1 GENETICS OF PEDIATRIC BRAIN TUMORS: RECENT ADVANCES AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES
title_sort sl1 genetics of pediatric brain tumors: recent advances and future perspectives
topic Abstracts
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7213454/
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/noajnl/vdz039.001
work_keys_str_mv AT jonesdavidtw sl1geneticsofpediatricbraintumorsrecentadvancesandfutureperspectives