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Dietary enrichment of edible insects with omega 3 fatty acids
Edible insects are advocated as sustainable and healthy food and feed. However, commercially produced insects are often low in n‐3 fatty acids and have suboptimal n‐6/n‐3 ratios. A certain amount and proportion of these FAs is required to optimize human health. Flaxseed oil consists primarily (57%)...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
John Wiley and Sons Inc.
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7216978/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30801963 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1744-7917.12669 |
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author | Oonincx, Dennis G.A.B. Laurent, Sophie Veenenbos, Margot E. van Loon, Joop J.A. |
author_facet | Oonincx, Dennis G.A.B. Laurent, Sophie Veenenbos, Margot E. van Loon, Joop J.A. |
author_sort | Oonincx, Dennis G.A.B. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Edible insects are advocated as sustainable and healthy food and feed. However, commercially produced insects are often low in n‐3 fatty acids and have suboptimal n‐6/n‐3 ratios. A certain amount and proportion of these FAs is required to optimize human health. Flaxseed oil consists primarily (57%) out of alpha‐linolenic acid. An experiment was conducted to quantify the effect of flaxseed oil provision on fatty acid composition and to determine the quantity needed to attain a beneficial n‐6/n‐3 ratio. Three species were used in the experiment: house crickets (Acheta domesticus [L.]), lesser mealworms (Alphitobius diaperinus [Pfanzer]) and black soldier flies (Hermetia illucens [L.]). These were provided with either a control diet or a diet enriched with 1%, 2%, or 4% flaxseed oil during their larval/nymphal stage. Fatty acid profiles of diets and insects were determined via GC‐MS. The three species had distinct fatty acid profiles on all four diets, but responded similarly to flaxseed oil addition. For each percent added to the diet, the alpha‐linolenic acid content of the insects increased by 2.3%–2.7%. Four percent addition increased the n‐3 fatty acid content 10–20 fold in the three species and thereby strongly decreased n‐6/n‐3 ratios from 18–36 to 0.8–2.4. A ratio below 5 is considered optimal for human health and was achieved by 2% flaxseed oil inclusion for house crickets and lesser mealworms, and at 1% inclusion for black soldier flies. Adding a source of n‐3 fatty acids to insect diets can thus improve the nutritional quality of insects. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7216978 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | John Wiley and Sons Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-72169782020-05-13 Dietary enrichment of edible insects with omega 3 fatty acids Oonincx, Dennis G.A.B. Laurent, Sophie Veenenbos, Margot E. van Loon, Joop J.A. Insect Sci Original Articles Edible insects are advocated as sustainable and healthy food and feed. However, commercially produced insects are often low in n‐3 fatty acids and have suboptimal n‐6/n‐3 ratios. A certain amount and proportion of these FAs is required to optimize human health. Flaxseed oil consists primarily (57%) out of alpha‐linolenic acid. An experiment was conducted to quantify the effect of flaxseed oil provision on fatty acid composition and to determine the quantity needed to attain a beneficial n‐6/n‐3 ratio. Three species were used in the experiment: house crickets (Acheta domesticus [L.]), lesser mealworms (Alphitobius diaperinus [Pfanzer]) and black soldier flies (Hermetia illucens [L.]). These were provided with either a control diet or a diet enriched with 1%, 2%, or 4% flaxseed oil during their larval/nymphal stage. Fatty acid profiles of diets and insects were determined via GC‐MS. The three species had distinct fatty acid profiles on all four diets, but responded similarly to flaxseed oil addition. For each percent added to the diet, the alpha‐linolenic acid content of the insects increased by 2.3%–2.7%. Four percent addition increased the n‐3 fatty acid content 10–20 fold in the three species and thereby strongly decreased n‐6/n‐3 ratios from 18–36 to 0.8–2.4. A ratio below 5 is considered optimal for human health and was achieved by 2% flaxseed oil inclusion for house crickets and lesser mealworms, and at 1% inclusion for black soldier flies. Adding a source of n‐3 fatty acids to insect diets can thus improve the nutritional quality of insects. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2019-03-24 2020-06 /pmc/articles/PMC7216978/ /pubmed/30801963 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1744-7917.12669 Text en © 2019 The Authors. Insect Science published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes. |
spellingShingle | Original Articles Oonincx, Dennis G.A.B. Laurent, Sophie Veenenbos, Margot E. van Loon, Joop J.A. Dietary enrichment of edible insects with omega 3 fatty acids |
title | Dietary enrichment of edible insects with omega 3 fatty acids |
title_full | Dietary enrichment of edible insects with omega 3 fatty acids |
title_fullStr | Dietary enrichment of edible insects with omega 3 fatty acids |
title_full_unstemmed | Dietary enrichment of edible insects with omega 3 fatty acids |
title_short | Dietary enrichment of edible insects with omega 3 fatty acids |
title_sort | dietary enrichment of edible insects with omega 3 fatty acids |
topic | Original Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7216978/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30801963 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1744-7917.12669 |
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