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Natural (15)N abundance in specific amino acids indicates associations between transamination rates and residual feed intake in beef cattle

Improving the ability of animals to convert feed resources into food for humans is needed for more sustainable livestock systems. Genetic selection for animals eating less while maintaining their performance (i.e., low residual feed intake [RFI]) appears a smart strategy but its effectiveness relies...

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Autores principales: Cantalapiedra-Hijar, Gonzalo, Guarnido, Pablo, Schiphorst, Anne-Marie, Robins, Richard J, Renand, Gilles, Ortigues-Marty, Isabelle
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7275638/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32432323
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaa171
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author Cantalapiedra-Hijar, Gonzalo
Guarnido, Pablo
Schiphorst, Anne-Marie
Robins, Richard J
Renand, Gilles
Ortigues-Marty, Isabelle
author_facet Cantalapiedra-Hijar, Gonzalo
Guarnido, Pablo
Schiphorst, Anne-Marie
Robins, Richard J
Renand, Gilles
Ortigues-Marty, Isabelle
author_sort Cantalapiedra-Hijar, Gonzalo
collection PubMed
description Improving the ability of animals to convert feed resources into food for humans is needed for more sustainable livestock systems. Genetic selection for animals eating less while maintaining their performance (i.e., low residual feed intake [RFI]) appears a smart strategy but its effectiveness relies on high-throughput animal phenotyping. Here, we explored plasma nitrogen (N) isotope ratios in an attempt to identify easily superior young bulls in terms of RFI. For this, 48 Charolais young bulls fed two contrasting diets (corn vs. grass silage diets) were selected from a larger population as extreme RFI animals (24 low-RFI vs. 24 high-RFI) and their plasma analyzed for natural (15)N abundance (δ(15)N) in the whole protein (bulk protein) and in the individual protein-bound amino acids (PbAA). For the first time, we showed that the δ (15)N in plasma bulk protein differed (P = 0.007) between efficient (low-RFI) and inefficient (high-RFI) cattle regardless of diet. Furthermore, most analyzed PbAA followed the same trend as the bulk protein, with lower (P < 0.05) δ (15)N values in more efficient (low-RFI) compared with less efficient (high-RFI) cattle, again regardless of diet. The only three exceptions were Phe, Met, and Lys (P > 0.05) for which the first metabolic reaction before being catabolized does not involve transamination, a pathway known naturally to enrich AAs in (15)N. The contrasted isotopic signatures across RFI groups only in those PbAA undergoing transamination are interpreted as differences in transamination rates and N-use efficiency between low- and high-RFI phenotypes. Natural isotopic N signatures in bulk proteins and specific PbAA can be proposed as biomarkers of RFI in growing beef cattle fed different diets. However, the current study cannot delineate whether this effect only occurs post-absorption or to some extent also in the rumen. Our data support the conclusion that most efficient cattle in terms of RFI upregulate N conservation mechanisms compared with less efficient cattle and justify future research on this topic.
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spelling pubmed-72756382020-06-10 Natural (15)N abundance in specific amino acids indicates associations between transamination rates and residual feed intake in beef cattle Cantalapiedra-Hijar, Gonzalo Guarnido, Pablo Schiphorst, Anne-Marie Robins, Richard J Renand, Gilles Ortigues-Marty, Isabelle J Anim Sci Short Communication Improving the ability of animals to convert feed resources into food for humans is needed for more sustainable livestock systems. Genetic selection for animals eating less while maintaining their performance (i.e., low residual feed intake [RFI]) appears a smart strategy but its effectiveness relies on high-throughput animal phenotyping. Here, we explored plasma nitrogen (N) isotope ratios in an attempt to identify easily superior young bulls in terms of RFI. For this, 48 Charolais young bulls fed two contrasting diets (corn vs. grass silage diets) were selected from a larger population as extreme RFI animals (24 low-RFI vs. 24 high-RFI) and their plasma analyzed for natural (15)N abundance (δ(15)N) in the whole protein (bulk protein) and in the individual protein-bound amino acids (PbAA). For the first time, we showed that the δ (15)N in plasma bulk protein differed (P = 0.007) between efficient (low-RFI) and inefficient (high-RFI) cattle regardless of diet. Furthermore, most analyzed PbAA followed the same trend as the bulk protein, with lower (P < 0.05) δ (15)N values in more efficient (low-RFI) compared with less efficient (high-RFI) cattle, again regardless of diet. The only three exceptions were Phe, Met, and Lys (P > 0.05) for which the first metabolic reaction before being catabolized does not involve transamination, a pathway known naturally to enrich AAs in (15)N. The contrasted isotopic signatures across RFI groups only in those PbAA undergoing transamination are interpreted as differences in transamination rates and N-use efficiency between low- and high-RFI phenotypes. Natural isotopic N signatures in bulk proteins and specific PbAA can be proposed as biomarkers of RFI in growing beef cattle fed different diets. However, the current study cannot delineate whether this effect only occurs post-absorption or to some extent also in the rumen. Our data support the conclusion that most efficient cattle in terms of RFI upregulate N conservation mechanisms compared with less efficient cattle and justify future research on this topic. Oxford University Press 2020-05-20 /pmc/articles/PMC7275638/ /pubmed/32432323 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaa171 Text en © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Society of Animal Science. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Short Communication
Cantalapiedra-Hijar, Gonzalo
Guarnido, Pablo
Schiphorst, Anne-Marie
Robins, Richard J
Renand, Gilles
Ortigues-Marty, Isabelle
Natural (15)N abundance in specific amino acids indicates associations between transamination rates and residual feed intake in beef cattle
title Natural (15)N abundance in specific amino acids indicates associations between transamination rates and residual feed intake in beef cattle
title_full Natural (15)N abundance in specific amino acids indicates associations between transamination rates and residual feed intake in beef cattle
title_fullStr Natural (15)N abundance in specific amino acids indicates associations between transamination rates and residual feed intake in beef cattle
title_full_unstemmed Natural (15)N abundance in specific amino acids indicates associations between transamination rates and residual feed intake in beef cattle
title_short Natural (15)N abundance in specific amino acids indicates associations between transamination rates and residual feed intake in beef cattle
title_sort natural (15)n abundance in specific amino acids indicates associations between transamination rates and residual feed intake in beef cattle
topic Short Communication
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7275638/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32432323
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaa171
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